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Veterinary RNA viruses

Section Editor: Siba Samal, University of Maryland, USA

The Veterinary RNA viruses section of Virology Journal covers research on RNA viruses of non-human animals, including food, companion, and wild animal species. Both reviews and original research papers on viral structure, function and genetics will be considered as well as articles focusing on viral pathogenesis, virus-host interactions, vaccines, and antiviral therapeutics.

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  1. Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) of the pestivirus genus is an economically crippling virus in the cattle industry; this positive RNA virus causes mucosal disease resulting in reproductive losses and other ...

    Authors: Rémi La Polla, Marie-Claire Testard, Océane Garcia, Abdelghafar Goumaidi, Catherine Legras-Lachuer and Blandine de Saint-Vis
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:134
  2. From the 1078 diarrhea stools tested in our survey from 2017 to 2020 in local area of China, PEDV was the key pathogen that was closely related to the death of piglets with diarrhea. In addition, coinfection o...

    Authors: Jinghua Cheng, Jie Tao, Benqiang Li, Ying Shi and Huili Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:119
  3. Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) infection often causes respiratory tissue damage and immunosuppression and further results in bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), one of the major diseases in d...

    Authors: Liyang Li, Pengfei Li, Ao Chen, Hanbing Li, Zhe Liu, Liyun Yu and Xilin Hou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:116
  4. Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is one of the most serious pathogens endangering the duck industry. However, there are few studies on the regulation of the cell cycle by DHAV-1.

    Authors: Yuanzhi Liu, Yanglin Li, Mingshu Wang, Anchun Cheng, Xumin Ou, Sai Mao, Di Sun, Ying Wu, Qiao Yang, Renyong Jia, Bin Tian, Shaqiu Zhang, Dekang Zhu, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:111
  5. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (HnRNP) F is a member of HnRNP family proteins that participate in splicing of cellular newly synthesized mRNAs by specifically recognizing tandem guanine-tracts (G-trac...

    Authors: Aiguo Zhang, Yanting Sun, Huiyuan Jing, Jie Liu, Erzhen Duan, Wenting Ke, Ran Tao, Yang Li, Jinhe Wang, Sufang Cao, Pandeng Zhao, Haihua Wang and Yan Zhang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:82
  6. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a macrophage-tropic arterivirus with extremely high genetic and pathogenic heterogeneity that causes significant economic losses in the swine indu...

    Authors: Seung-Chai Kim, Sung-Hyun Moon, Chang-Gi Jeong, Gyeong-Seo Park, Ji-Young Park, Hye-Young Jeoung, Go-Eun Shin, Mi-Kyeong Ko, Seoung-Hee Kim, Kyoung-Ki Lee, Ho-Seong Cho and Won-Il Kim
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:66
  7. Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a picornavirus that causes vesicular disease in swine. Clinical characteristics of the disease are similar to common viral diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, porcine ve...

    Authors: Wei Wen, Xinghua Chen, Qiang Lv, Huanchun Chen, Ping Qian and Xiangmin Li
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:65
  8. The QX-type infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has become the predominant genotype worldwide in recent years and has caused serious economic losses to the chicken industry. The most significant feature of QX IB...

    Authors: Xiaorong Zhang, Kun Yan, Chengcheng Zhang, Mengjiao Guo, Shuqin Chen, Kai Liao, Zongyi Bo, Yongzhong Cao and Yantao Wu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:62
  9. Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a single-stranded RNA virus with high genetic variation that causes congenital tremor (CT) in newborn piglets, belonging to the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae. I...

    Authors: Xujiao Ren, Ping Qian, Zihui Hu, Huanchun Chen and Xiangmin Li
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:51
  10. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most significant threats to the global swine industry. It is of great importance to understand viral-host interactions to develop novel...

    Authors: Jing Zhang, Lipeng Gan, Pu Sun, Jian Wang, Dong Li, Yimei Cao, Yuanfang Fu, Pinghua Li, Xingwen Bai, Kun Li, Xueqing Ma, Huifang Bao, Yingli Chen, Jie Zhang, Zaixin Liu and Zengjun Lu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:40
  11. Surveillance for circulating emerging diseases of economic importance has a major role in the rapid response to major pathogen outbreaks. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the significant endemic v...

    Authors: Ayah M. Hassan, Mostafa R. Zaher, Rabab T. Hassanien, Mervat I. Abd-El-Moniem, Ahmed R. Habashi, Essam M. Ibraheem, Momtaz A. Shahein, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty and Naglaa M. Hagag
    Citation: Virology Journal 2022 19:1
  12. Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection of ferrets, dogs, and giant pandas causes an acute systemic disease involving multiple organ systems, including the respiratory tract, lymphoid system, and central nervou...

    Authors: Jingjian Dong, Yan Chen, Lili Shi, Bing Shen, Xianliang Sun, Kaiyi Ruan, Xianzhu Xia, Hao Feng and Na Feng
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:229
  13. Interleukin (IL)-38, a novel member of the IL-1 family, has been reported to be involved in several diseases associated with viral infection. However, the expression and functional role of IL-38 in acute viral...

    Authors: Yimin Xue, Mingguang Chen, Qian Chen, Tingfeng Huang, Qiaolian Fan, Fenghui Lin, Jun Ke and Feng Chen
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:220
  14. Porcine vesicular disease is caused by the Seneca Valley virus (SVV), it is a novel Picornaviridae, which is prevalent in several countries. However, the pathogenicity of SVV on 5–6 week old pigs and the transmis...

    Authors: Jinyong Zhang, Chenghui Li, Yuan Meng, Yubiao Xie, Ning Shi, He Zhang, Chengdong Yu, Fulong Nan, Changzhan Xie, Zhuo Ha, Jicheng Han, Zhuoxin Li, Qiuxuan Li, Peng Wang, Xu Gao, Ningyi Jin…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:209
  15. As genetic analysis becomes less expensive, more comprehensive diagnostics such as whole genome sequencing (WGS) will become available to the veterinary practitioner. The WGS elucidates more about porcine repr...

    Authors: Jessica Risser, Matthew Ackerman, Robert Evelsizer, Stephen Wu, Byungjoon Kwon and James Mark Hammer
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:206
  16. Chikungunya fever, caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has become a major global health concern, causing unexpected large outbreaks in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. CHIKV is not indigenous to Ch...

    Authors: Shaofu Qiu, Jinpeng Guo, Peihan Li, Peng Li, Xinying Du, Rongzhang Hao, Chaojie Yang, Qi Wang, Hongbo Liu, Haoran Zhang, Sai Tian, Hua Shi, Liang Wen, Daizhi An, Xiaocui Yang, Xiaoyuan An…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:203
  17. Despite the fact that the chikungunya viral infection is a neglected disease, complications such as hemorrhagic fever, arthritis, and lymphopenia remain a health concern. The aim of this study was to determine...

    Authors: Abdulrahim R. Hakami, Abdullah A. Alshamrani, Mohamad Alqahtani, Yasser Alraey, Razan A. Alhefzi, Sultan Alasmari, Mohamed Makkawi, Gasim Dobie, Mushtaq Mir, Mohamed Alshahrani, Ayed Dera, Mohammed Alfaifi, Mesfer Al Shahrani, Ahmad Matari and Ali Essa Asiry
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:190
  18. Canine distemper caused by canine distemper virus that belongs to the Morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae family is still a global epidemic significant infectious disease, especially in pet dogs in China a...

    Authors: Yaoqian Pan, Shuai Wang, Peng Li, Feng Yue, Yanfang Zhang, Bo Pan and Xingyou Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:165
  19. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) which is caused by Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), is an acute, contagious disease. In spite of the use of vaccines and elimination projects, BVDV still causes severe economic l...

    Authors: Yaxin Li, Tao Guo, Xiaokui Wang, Wei Ni, Ruirui Hu, Yuying Cui, Taotao Mi and Shengwei Hu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:119
  20. Newcastle disease is a devastating disease in poultry caused by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a paramyxovirus endemic in many regions of the world despite intensive vaccination. Phylogenetic analyses...

    Authors: Ibrahim Moharam, Olayinka Asala, Sven Reiche, Hafez Hafez, Martin Beer, Timm Harder and Christian Grund
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:86
  21. Encephalomyocarditis virus, member of Cardiovirus genus within Picornaviridae family, is an important pathogen that infects different domestic and wild animals. However, the molecular mechanism of its entry remai...

    Authors: Qiongyi Li, Yang Liu, Shujuan Xu, Kexue Zhao, Ying Ling, Rongxiu Liu, Amjad Ali and Jialin Bai
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:63
  22. Classical swine fever (CSF) caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a highly contagious swine disease resulting in large economical losses worldwide. The viral envelope glycoprotein E2 and Erns are ma...

    Authors: Qiang Wei, Yilin Bai, Yapeng Song, Yunchao Liu, Wei Yu, Yaning Sun, Li Wang, Ruiguang Deng, Guangxu Xing and Gaiping Zhang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:44
  23. Japanese encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne neurotropic flavivirus that causes acute viral encephalitis in humans. Pigs are crucial amplifier host of JEV. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that long ...

    Authors: Xiaolong Zhou, Qiongyu Yuan, Chen Zhang, Zhenglie Dai, Chengtao Du, Han Wang, Xiangchen Li, Songbai Yang and Ayong Zhao
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:29
  24. The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a major antigen that can induce protective antibodies in poultry. However, its antigenic epitopes have not been fully elucidated...

    Authors: Zhongyuan Jin, Qiaolin Wei, Youkun Bi, Yongshan Li, Na Huo, Sujing Mou, Wenbin Wang, Haijin Liu, Zengqi Yang, Hongjun Chen and Sa Xiao
    Citation: Virology Journal 2021 18:8
  25. Street rabies virus (RABV) usually infects hosts at peripheral sites and migrates from motor or sensory nerves to the central nervous system. Several studies have found that inflammation is mild in a mouse mod...

    Authors: Shu Qing Liu, Yuan Xie, Xin Gao, Qian Wang and Wu Yang Zhu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:157
  26. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the pork industry globally. PRRS is caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV). Currently there are no effe...

    Authors: Chang Huang, Denzil Bernard, Jiaqi Zhu, Radha Charan Dash, Alexander Chu, Alec Knupp, Anna Hakey, M. Kyle Hadden, Antonio Garmendia and Young Tang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:116
  27. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) are highly contagious, pathogenic Novirhabdoviruses affecting fish and are thusly notifiable diseases with the World...

    Authors: Bartolomeo Gorgoglione, Jeffery L. Ringiesn, Loc H. Pham, Brian S. Shepherd and Douglas W. Leaman
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:110
  28. More than 3 years since the last Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Brazil, researchers are still deciphering the molecular mechanisms of neurovirulence and vertical transmission, as well as the best way to control...

    Authors: Paula A. Faria Waziry, Aarti Raja, Chloe Salmon, Nathalia Aldana, Sruthi Damodar, Andre Rinaldi Fukushima and Bindu S. Mayi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:93
  29. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a cause of substantial economic loss to the cattle industry worldwide, and there are currently no effective treatment or preventive measures. Bovine enterovirus (BEV) has ...

    Authors: Xiao Ren, Shan Zhang, Xintao Gao, Xiaoyu Guo, Ting Xin, Hongfei Zhu, Hong Jia and Shaohua Hou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:88
  30. A prevalent PEDV strain, designated FJLY06, was isolated from Fujian, China. The four of structural genes sequences of PEDV obtained were analyzed to determine their phylogenetic relationships and homology res...

    Authors: Bo Dong, Ailing Dai, Xiaohua Li and Xiaoyan Yang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:79
  31. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) belongs to the Flaviviridae family and the pestivius virus group. BVDV is responsible for significant economic loss in cattle industry worldwide because of reducing reproductive...

    Authors: Xiaowei Gong, Qiwei Chen and Fuying Zheng
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:59
  32. Cypoviruses (CPVs) are RNA viruses with segmented double-stranded genome and major pathogens of various insects, including economic insects like silkworms and pest insects for agricultural crops and forests. G...

    Authors: Zhendong Zhang, Ning Li, Chengxiang Hou, Kun Gao, Xudong Tang and Xijie Guo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:48
  33. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection causes an acute enteric tract infectious disease characterized by vomiting, anorexia, dehydration, weight loss and high mortality in neonatal piglets. During PE...

    Authors: Ning Kong, Qiong Meng, Yajuan Jiao, Yongguang Wu, Yewen Zuo, Hua Wang, Dage Sun, Sujie Dong, Huanjie Zhai, Wu Tong, Hao Zheng, Hai Yu, Guangzhi Tong, Yongjie Xu and Tongling Shan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:46
  34. Pneumonia and stomatitis represent severe and often fatal diseases in different captive snakes. Apart from bacterial infections, paramyxo-, adeno-, reo- and arenaviruses cause these diseases. In 2014, new viru...

    Authors: Silvia Blahak, Maria Jenckel, Dirk Höper, Martin Beer, Bernd Hoffmann and Kore Schlottau
    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:6
  35. The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus is classified into seven serotypes, of which the South African types have South African Territories (SAT)1, SAT2, and SAT3 that are prevalent in Africa. Especially SAT2 h...

    Authors: Hye-Eun Jo, Su-Hwa You, Joo-Hyung Choi, Mi-Kyeong Ko, Sung Ho Shin, Jisoo Song, Hyundong Jo, Min Ja Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Byounghan Kim and Jong-Hyeon Park
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:156
  36. Bluetongue virus (BTV), an emerging insect vector mediated pathogen affecting both wild ruminants and livestock, has a genome consisting of 10 linear double-stranded RNA genome segments. BTV has a severe econo...

    Authors: Qingyuan Xu, Jinying Ge, Maolin Li, Encheng Sun, Yawei Zhou, Yunze Guo, Donglai Wu and Zhigao Bu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:151
  37. Capsid (C) protein plays an important role in the replication of classical swine fever virus (CSFV). The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) involves in replication of many viruses via modulation of viral protei...

    Authors: Yuming Chen, Erpeng Zhu, Shuangqi Fan, Hongxing Ding, Shengming Ma, Mengjiao Zhu, Shaofeng Deng, Jinding Chen and Mingqiu Zhao
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:127
  38. Reverse genetics systems enable the manipulation of viral genomes and therefore serve as robust reverse genetic tools to study RNA viruses. A DNA-launched rescue system initiates the transcription of viral gen...

    Authors: Ruihua Zhang, Jingjing Lan, Haie Li, Junhao Chen, Yupeng Yang, Shaoli Lin, Zhijing Xie and Shijin Jiang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:112
  39. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a member of the family Coronaviridae, causes lethal watery diarrhea in piglets. Previous studies have revealed that the coronaviruses develop various strategies to evad...

    Authors: Yanan Wang, Aoying Sun, Yu Sun, Sijia Zhang, Tian Xia, Tiantian Guo, Zhenye Hao, Li Sun, Yanping Jiang, Xinyuan Qiao, Wen Cui, Lijie Tang, Yigang Xu, Yijing Li and Li Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:97
  40. Lates calcarifer, known as seabass in Asia and barramundi in Australia, is a widely farmed species internationally and in Southeast Asia and any disease outbreak will have a great economic impact on the aquacultu...

    Authors: Jing Chen, Xinyu Toh, Jasmine Ong, Yahui Wang, Xuan-Hui Teo, Bernett Lee, Pui-San Wong, Denyse Khor, Shin-Min Chong, Diana Chee, Alvin Wee, Yifan Wang, Mee-Keun Ng, Boon-Huan Tan and Taoqi Huangfu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:71
  41. The picornaviral 3C protease mediates viral polyprotein maturation and multiple cleavages of host proteins to modulate viral translation and transcription. The 3C protease has been regarded as a valid target d...

    Authors: Di Sun, Mingshu Wang, Xingjian Wen, Sai Mao, Anchun Cheng, Renyong Jia, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Dekang Zhu, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao, Shaqiu Zhang, Xiaoyue Chen, Yunya Liu, Yanling Yu…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:54
  42. Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) is the leading cause of diarrhea in neonatal foals and has a negative impact on equine breeding enterprises worldwide. Among ERVA strains infecting foals, the genotypes G3P[12] and G1...

    Authors: Mariano Carossino, Maria E. Barrandeguy, Erdal Erol, Yanqiu Li and Udeni B. R. Balasuriya
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:49
  43. Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emergent virus in salmon aquaculture belonging to the family Reoviridae. PRV is associated with a growing list of pathological conditions including heart and skeletal inflammatio...

    Authors: Molly J. T. Kibenge, Yingwei Wang, Nick Gayeski, Alexandra Morton, Kurt Beardslee, Bill McMillan and Frederick S. B. Kibenge
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:41

    The Correction to this article has been published in Virology Journal 2019 16:60

  44. Porcine sapelovirus (PSV), a species of the genus Sapelovirus within the family Picornaviridae, are a significant cause of enteritis, pneumonia, polioencephalomyelitis and reproductive disorders in pigs. Howev...

    Authors: Tingting Zhao, Li Cui, Xiangqian Yu, Zhonghai Zhang, Xiaojuan Shen and Xiuguo Hua
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:37
  45. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), a fish rhabdovirus belonging to the Novirhabdovirus genus, causes severe disease and mortality in many marine and freshwater fish species worldwide. VHSV isolates are cl...

    Authors: Shamila Yusuff, Gael Kurath, Min Sun Kim, Tarin M. Tesfaye, Jie Li, Douglas G. McKenney and Vikram N. Vakharia
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:31
  46. Canine distemper virus (CDV), currently termed Canine morbillivirus, is an extremely contagious disease that affects dogs. It is identified as a multiple cell tropism pathogen, and its host range includes a vast ...

    Authors: Santiago Rendon-Marin, Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski, Cláudio Wageck Canal and Julian Ruiz-Saenz
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:30
  47. Autophagy is an essential process in eukaryotic cells in which autophagosomes form to deliver cellular organelles and long-lived proteins to lysosomes for degradation. Many studies have recently identified the...

    Authors: Wei Zhang, Keren Chen, Yang Guo, Yaosheng Chen and Xiaohong Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2019 16:13
  48. The avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a significant source of loss in the poultry industry and early diagnosis is required to prevent the disease from spreading. This study examined the combined ...

    Authors: Paula Fonseca Finger, Michele Soares Pepe, Luana Alves Dummer, Carolina Georg Magalhães, Clarissa Caetano de Castro, Silvia de Oliveira Hübner, Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite, Giseli Aparecida Ritterbusch, Paulo Augusto Esteves and Fabricio Rochedo Conceição
    Citation: Virology Journal 2018 15:189