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  1. Enteroviruses (EVs) are the leading cause of aseptic meningitis worldwide. Detection of enteroviral RNA in clinical specimens has been demonstrated to improve the management of patient care, especially that of...

    Authors: JiYoung Hong, Ahyoun Kim, Seoyeon Hwang, Doo-Sung Cheon, Jong-Hyen Kim, June-Woo Lee, Jae-Hak Park and Byunghak Kang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:27
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  2. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been believed as a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for a long time, however, the evidences of which are mostly from clinical and epidemiological investigatio...

    Authors: Chun Yang, Ping Ruan, Chao Ou, Jianjia Su, Ji Cao, Chengpiao Luo, Yanping Tang, Qi Wang, Hong Qin, Wen Sun and Yuan Li
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. South Africa has a generalized and explosive HIV/AIDS epidemic with the largest number of people infected with HIV-1 in the world. Molecular investigations of HIV-1 diversity can help enhance interventions to ...

    Authors: Patrick Wela Msimanga, Efthyia Vardas and Susan Engelbrecht
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Infectious arthritis in broilers represents an economic and health problem, resulting in severe losses due to retarded growth and downgrading at the slaughterhouse. The most common agents associated with cases...

    Authors: Li Huang, Zhixun Xie, Liji Xie, Xianwen Deng, Zhiqin Xie, Sisi Luo, Jiaoling Huang, Tingting Zeng and Jiaxun Feng
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:22
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  5. The orthopoxvirus strain Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) rapidly induces innate immune responses. Previously, we demonstrated that CCL2 and CCR1 are important players in MVA induced recruitment of leukocy...

    Authors: Michael H Lehmann, Philip JR Price, Christine Brandmüller and Gerd Sutter
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:21
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  6. Recently, a new subset of CD4+T helper cell termed Follicular helper T cells (Tfh), which play a pivotal role in B cell activation and differentiation in lymphoid structures, has been reported to participate in s...

    Authors: Fan Yang, Wen-hong Mo, Bao-ping Tan, Xiao-mou Wei and Hong Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Schistosomiasis is a significant health problem in more than 70 countries distributed between Africa, Asia and South America, with an infection rate of one in 30 individuals. Data on Schistosomiasis, Hepatitis...

    Authors: Gasim I Gasim, Abdelhaleem Bella and Ishag Adam
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:19
    Content type: Review Published on:

  8. Variant high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses have recently emerged as a result of reassortment of the H5 haemagglutinin (HA) gene with different neuraminidase (NA) genes, including NA1, NA2, NA...

    Authors: Hans G Heine, Adam J Foord, Jianning Wang, Stacey Valdeter, Som Walker, Chris Morrissy, Frank YK Wong and Brian Meehan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:18
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  9. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) epidemiology in Tunisia has changed from high to intermediate endemicity in the last decades. However, several outbreaks continue to occur. The last reported sequences from Tunisian HAV...

    Authors: Abir Beji-Hamza, Stefania Taffon, Salma Mhalla, Alessandra Lo Presti, Michele Equestre, Paola Chionne, Elisabetta Madonna, Eleonora Cella, Roberto Bruni, Massimo Ciccozzi, Mahjoub Aouni and Anna Rita Ciccaglione
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Dengue has emerged as the most significant of arboviral diseases in the 21st century. It is endemic to >100 tropical and sub-tropical countries around the world placing an estimated 3.6 billion people at risk....

    Authors: Rajendra Raut, Hemalatha Beesetti, Poornima Tyagi, Ira Khanna, Swatantra K Jain, Variam U Jeankumar, Perumal Yogeeswari, Dharmarajan Sriram and Sathyamangalam Swaminathan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Border disease virus (BDV) causes border disease (BD) affecting mainly sheep and goats worldwide. BDV in goat herds suffering diarrhea was recently reported in China, however, infection in sheep was undetermin...

    Authors: Li Mao, Xia Liu, Wenliang Li, Leilei Yang, Wenwen Zhang and Jieyuan Jiang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Host and viral proteins are involved in dengue virus (DENV) replication. Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) C1/C2 are abundant host cellular proteins that exhibit RNA binding activity and play important r...

    Authors: Thanyaporn Dechtawewat, Pucharee Songprakhon, Thawornchai Limjindaporn, Chunya Puttikhunt, Watchara Kasinrerk, Sawanan Saitornuang, Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus and Sansanee Noisakran
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Virology Journal 2024 21:43

  13. Human challenge models using respiratory viruses such as influenza are increasingly utilised in the development of novel vaccines and anti-viral modalities and can provide preliminary evidence of protection be...

    Authors: Jeannette M Watson, James N Francis, Sofie Mesens, Gabriel A Faiman, Jill Makin, Peter Patriarca, John J Treanor, Bertrand Georges and Campbell J Bunce
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was recently recognized as an independent risk factor for insulin resistance (IR), the onset phase of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted o...

    Authors: Ting-ting Gao, Zhao-ling Qin, Hao Ren, Ping Zhao and Zhong-tian Qi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Two citrus viroids, Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), have been reported and become potential threats to the citrus industry in Taiwan. The distributions and infection rates of two viroi...

    Authors: Chun-Yi Lin, Meng-Ling Wu, Tang-Long Shen, Hsin-Hung Yeh and Ting-Hsuan Hung
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. After the 1968 H3N2 pandemic emerged in humans, H3N2 influenza viruses continuously circulated and evolved in nature. An H3N2 variant was circulating in humans in the 1990s and subsequently introduced into the...

    Authors: Ying Chen, Yan-Ning Mo, Hua-Bo Zhou, Zu-Zhang Wei, Guo-Jun Wang, Qing-Xiong Yu, Xiong Xiao, Wen-Juan Yang and Wei-Jian Huang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:10
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  18. Hepatitis C (HCV) is a serious public health issue, and it is estimated that 3% of the world’s population is infected. Patients in hemodialysis units have an increased risk for contracting HCV, and high preval...

    Authors: Beatris Maria Vidales-Braz, Naylê Maria Oliveira da Silva, Rubens Lobato, Fabiana Nunes Germano, Luiza Dias da Mota, Elvino JG Barros and Ana Maria Barral de Martinez
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The human polyomavirus BK expresses a 66 amino-acid peptide referred to as agnoprotein. Though mutants lacking agnoprotein are severely reduced in producing infectious virions, the exact function of this pepti...

    Authors: Nancy Gerits, Mona Johannessen, Conny Tümmler, Mari Walquist, Sergiy Kostenko, Igor Snapkov, Barbara van Loon, Elena Ferrari, Ulrich Hübscher and Ugo Moens
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Accumulated evidence gathered over recent decades demonstrated that some members of the Parvoviridae family, in particular the rodent protoparvoviruses H-1PV, the minute virus of mice and LuIII have natural antic...

    Authors: Antonio Marchini, Serena Bonifati, Eleanor M Scott, Assia L Angelova and Jean Rommelaere
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:6
    Content type: Review Published on:

  21. In recent years, a number of serious disease outbreaks caused by viruses and viroids on greenhouse tomatoes in North America have resulted in significant economic losses to growers. The objectives of this stud...

    Authors: Rugang Li, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Zaid Abdo, Sally A Miller and Kai-Shu Ling
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Despite the easy accessibility and diagnostic utility of PBMCs and their potential to show distinct expression patterns associated with the accelerated disease progression in HIV/HCV co-infection, there has no...

    Authors: Jing Qin Wu, Monica Miranda Saksena, Vincent Soriano, Eugenia Vispo and Nitin K Saksena
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. An effective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine is expected to have the greatest impact on HIV-1 spread and remains a global scientific priority. Only one candidate vaccine has significantly r...

    Authors: Jaclyn K Mann and Thumbi Ndung’u
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. The most common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes isolated from cervical cancer in select African countries are HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-35, and HPV-45, but the most common genotypes in Zambia are unknown. The o...

    Authors: Allen C Bateman, Katundu Katundu, Pascal Polepole, Aaron Shibemba, Mulindi Mwanahamuntu, Dirk P Dittmer, Groesbeck P Parham and Carla J Chibwesha
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:2
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  25. Dengue viruses (DENVs) are mosquito-borne viruses which can cause disease ranging from mild fever to severe dengue infection. These viruses are endemic in several tropical and subtropical regions. Multiple out...

    Authors: Esam I Azhar, Anwar M Hashem, Sherif A El-Kafrawy, Said Abol-Ela, Adly MM Abd-Alla, Sayed Sartaj Sohrab, Suha A Farraj, Norah A Othman, Huda G Ben-Helaby, Ahmed Ashshi, Tariq A Madani and Ghazi Jamjoom
    Citation: Virology Journal 2015 12:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome contains two envelope proteins (E1 and E2) responsible for the virus entry into the cell. There is a substantial lack of sequences covering the full length of E1/E2 region for ge...

    Authors: Nehal Hussein, Abdel-Rahman N Zekri, Mohamed Abouelhoda, Hanaa M Alam El-din, Ahmed Abdelwahab Ghamry, Mahmoud A Amer, Ghada M sherif and Abeer A Bahnassy
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:231
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. A new subset of T helper (Th) cells, named IL-22-producing Th22 cells, was identified recently. Th22 cells have been implicated in immunity and inflammation. However, the role of these cells in the progression...

    Authors: Yujie Guo, Weifeng Wu, Zhihong Cen, Xiaomo Li, Qing Kong and Qiuxi Zhou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:230
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) becomes the focus for its ability of transmission to mammals and as a donor to provide internal genes to form the new epidemic lethal influenza viruses. Residue 627 in PB2 has ...

    Authors: Meng Yu, Kaizhao Zhang, Wenbao Qi, Zhiqiang Huang, Jinhui Ye, Yongjiang Ma, Ming Liao and Zhangyong Ning
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:229
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are important pathogens that affect the health of humans and many additional animal species. IAVs are enveloped, negative single-stranded RNA viruses whose genome encodes at least te...

    Authors: Alex Generous, Molly Thorson, Jeff Barcus, Joseph Jacher, Marc Busch and Heidi Sleister
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:228
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling pathway is involved in viral life cycle. However, the effect of MEK/ERK pathway in enterovirus 71(EV71)-inf...

    Authors: Weifeng Shi, Xueling Hou, Hongjun Peng, Li Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Zhiwen Gu, Qingbo Jiang, Mei Shi, Yun Ji and Jingting Jiang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:227
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. With the clinical development of several antiviral intervention strategies for influenza, it becomes crucial to explore viral load shedding in the nasal cavity as a biomarker for treatment success, but also to...

    Authors: Liesbeth Van Wesenbeeck, Hanne Meeuws, David D’Haese, Gabriela Ispas, Lieselot Houspie, Marc Van Ranst and Lieven J Stuyver
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:233
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  33. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been reported in the human population and pigs are a recognized reservoir for HEV and a possible source of HEV transmission to humans. Spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) is an ingred...

    Authors: Joan Pujols, Carmen Rodríguez, Nuria Navarro, Sonia Pina-Pedrero, Joy M Campbell, Joe Crenshaw and Javier Polo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:232
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Production of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a food security crop in sub-Saharan Africa, is threatened by the spread of cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) which manifests in part as a corky necrosis in the ...

    Authors: Tadeo Kaweesi, Robert Kawuki, Vincent Kyaligonza, Yona Baguma, Geoffrey Tusiime and Morag E Ferguson
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:216
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. The current vaccines failed to provide substantial protection against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and the new vaccine development faces great challenges. Sialoadhesin (Sn) and CD163 ar...

    Authors: Li Zhu, Hongqin Song, Xinyu Zhang, Xiaoli Xia and Huaichang Sun
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:225
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. One of the major functions of Nef is in the enhancement of the infectivity of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV, respectively). However, the detailed mechanism of the enhancement of vi...

    Authors: Keisuke Harada, Nobutoki Takamune, Shozo Shoji and Shogo Misumi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:222
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Fevers of unknown origin constitute a substantial disease burden in Southeast Asia. In majority of the cases, the cause of acute febrile illness is not identified.

    Authors: Nary Ly, Rafal Tokarz, Nischay Mishra, Stephen Sameroff, Komal Jain, Agus Rachmat, Ung Sam An, Steven Newell, Dustin J Harrison and W Ian Lipkin
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:224
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. KSHV is a tumorigenic γ-herpesvirus that has been identified as the etiologic agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), a multifocal highly vascularized neoplasm that is the most common malignancy associated with acquir...

    Authors: Magdalena Angelova, MaryBeth Ferris, Kenneth F Swan, Harris E McFerrin, Gabriella Pridjian, Cindy A Morris and Deborah E Sullivan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:218
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  39. The outcome of a viral infection is regulated by complex interactions of viral and host factors. SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) engages and regulates several innate immune response pathways during infection. We h...

    Authors: Krystal Matthews, Alexandra Schäfer, Alissa Pham and Matthew Frieman
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:209
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Yunnan has one of the oldest and the most severe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics in China. We conducted an observational study to evaluate the human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in r...

    Authors: Hong-Yun Zhang, Man-Dong Fei, Yong Jiang, Qiu-Yue Fei, Hong Qian, Lin Xu, Yu-Ni Jin, Cheng-Qin Jiang, Hai-Xia Li, Sarah M Tiggelaar, Jennifer S Smith, Vikrant V Sahasrabuddhe and You-Lin Qiao
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:202
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Millions of human infections caused by arthropod-borne pathogens are initiated by the feeding of an infected mosquito on a vertebrate. However, interactions between the viruses and the mosquito vector, which f...

    Authors: John T Nuckols, Alexander J McAuley, Yan-Jang S Huang, Kate M Horne, Stephen Higgs, Robert A Davey and Dana L Vanlandingham
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:215
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  43. Xenotransplantation has drawn increased attention in recent years as a potential solution to the scarcity of human source donor organs. Researchers have highlighted the need to characterize the influence of po...

    Authors: Fei Guo, Xiaowei Xing, Wayne J Hawthorne, Qiong Dong, Bin Ye, Juan Zhang, Qi Liang, Wei Nie and Wei Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:212
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. The strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can be divided into two distinct clades: class I and class II. At present, limited molecular epidemiological data are available for the class I virus at live bird m...

    Authors: Jie Zhu, Haixu Xu, Jingjing Liu, Zhenzhen Zhao, Shunlin Hu, Xiaoquan Wang and Xiufan Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:211
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Emerging tospoviruses cause significant yield losses and quality reduction in vegetables, ornamentals, and legumes throughout the world. So far, eight tospoviruses were reported in China. Tomato fruits display...

    Authors: Yueyan Yin, Kuanyu Zheng, Jiahong Dong, Qi Fang, Shiping Wu, Lishuang Wang and Zhongkai Zhang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:213
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  46. Mink enteritis virus (MEV) is one of the most important pathogens in the mink industry. Recent studies have shed light into the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs of length ranging from 18–23 nuc...

    Authors: Jia-zeng Sun, Jigui Wang, Shuang Wang, Daoli Yuan, Zhili Li, Bao Yi, Qiang Hou, Yaping Mao and Weiquan Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:210
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Plant-made or “biofarmed” viral vaccines are some of the earliest products of the technology of plant molecular farming, and remain some of the brightest prospects for the success of this field. Proofs of prin...

    Authors: Edward P Rybicki
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:205
    Content type: Review Published on:

  48. Parvoviruses are classified into two subfamilies based on their host range: the Parvovirinae, which infect vertebrates, and the Densovirinae, which mainly infect insects and other arthropods. In recent years, a n...

    Authors: Jianqiang Ni, Caixia Qiao, Xue Han, Tao Han, Wenhua Kang, Zhanchao Zi, Zhen Cao, Xinyan Zhai and Xuepeng Cai
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:203
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. The avian influenza virus (AIV) causes frequent disease with high morbidity and mortality. RNA interference (RNAi) has been shown to provide an effective antiviral defense in animals, and several studies have ...

    Authors: Shuang Wang, Peng Zhang, Fei He, Ji-Gui Wang, Jia-Zeng Sun, Zhi-Li Li, Bao Yi, Ji Xi, Ya-Ping Mao, Qiang Hou, Dao-Li Yuan, Zi-Ding Zhang and Wei-Quan Liu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:208
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses continue to circulate in poultry and can infect and cause mortality in birds and mammals; the genetic determinants of their increased virulence are largely...

    Authors: Kairat Tabynov, Abylay Sansyzbay, Nurlan Sandybayev and Muratbay Mambetaliyev
    Citation: Virology Journal 2014 11:207
    Content type: Research Published on:
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  • ISSN: 1743-422X (electronic)

Virology Journal

ISSN: 1743-422X