Enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of human illness. Enteroviruses have been associated with regional and global epidemics, recently, including with severe disease (Enterovirus A71 and D68), an...
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy Chinh B’Krong, Ngo Ngoc Quang Minh, Phan Tu Qui, Tran Thi Hong Chau, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Lien Anh Ha Do, Nguyen Ngoc Nhung, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Guy Thwaites, Le Van Tan, H. Rogier van Doorn and Tran Tan Thanh
With the recent discovery of novel H17N10 and H18N11 influenza viral RNA in bats and report on high frequency of avian H9 seroconversion in a species of free ranging bats, an important issue to address is the ...
Authors: Tessa Slater, Isabella Eckerle and Kin-Chow Chang
Analysis of metagenomic sequences has become the principal approach for the study of the diversity of viruses. Many recent, extensive metagenomic studies on several classes of viruses have dramatically expande...
Authors: Natalya Yutin, Disa Bäckström, Thijs J. G. Ettema, Mart Krupovic and Eugene V. Koonin
Nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses are doubled stranded DNA viruses capable of infecting eukaryotic cells. Since the discovery of Mimivirus and Pandoravirus, there has been no doubt about their extraordinary...
Authors: Julien Andreani, Jonathan Verneau, Didier Raoult, Anthony Levasseur and Bernard La Scola
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies globally. Although progress has been made in surgical and other adjuvant therapies, there is still a great need to develop new appro...
Kadipiro virus (KDV) belongs to the Reoviridae family, which consists of segmented, non-enveloped, double-stranded RNA viruses. It has previously been isolated from Culex, Anopheles, Armigeres and Aedes mosquitoe...
Authors: Weijia Zhang, Fan Li, Aiguo Liu, Xiaojuan Lin, Shihong Fu, Jingdong Song, Guifang Liu, Nan Shao, Zexin Tao, Qianying Wang, Ying He, Wenwen Lei, Guodong Liang, Aiqiang Xu, Li Zhao and Huanyu Wang
Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus (RVFV) and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Orthonairovirus (CCHFV) specific antibodies had been documented among humans in urban settings of the southwestern and northern Cameroon...
Authors: Serge Alain Sadeuh-Mba, Gide Martial Yonga Wansi, Maurice Demanou, Antoine Gessain and Richard Njouom
Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is an Orthotospovirus that infects most Allium species. Very few approaches for specific detection of IYSV from infected plants are available to date. We report the development of a ...
Authors: Cui Yu, Cuiyun Yang, Shaoyi Song, Zixiang Yu, Xueping Zhou and Jianxiang Wu
It has been reported that the emergence of HBV rtA181T/sW172* mutant could result in a dominant secretion defect of HBsAg and increase the risk of HCC development. This study was designed to reveal the role an...
Authors: Meng-Lan Wang, Dong-Bo Wu, Ya-Chao Tao, Lan-Lan Chen, Cui-Ping Liu, En-Qiang Chen and Hong Tang
The 4 dengue serotypes (DENV) are mosquito-borne pathogens that are associated with severe hemorrhagic disease. DENV particles have a lipid bilayer envelope that anchors two membrane glycoproteins prM and E. T...
Authors: Stefan W. Metz, Ashlie Thomas, Laura White, Mark Stoops, Markus Corten, Holger Hannemann and Aravinda M. de Silva
Sheeppox (SPP) and goatpox (GTP) caused by sheeppox virus (SPPV) and goatpox virus (GTPV), respectively of the genus Capripoxvirus in the family Poxviridae, are severely afflicting small ruminants’ production sys...
Authors: Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa, Reingard Grabherr, Angelika Loitsch, Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli, Eeva Tuppurainen, Nick Nwankpa, Karim Tounkara, Hafsa Madani, Amel Omani, Mariane Diop, Giovanni Cattoli, Adama Diallo and Charles Euloge Lamien
Cardioviruses cause severe illnesses in rodents and humans. In recent years, novel cardioviruses have been frequently found, which promoted further studies of the genetic diversity of cardioviruses. Using vira...
Authors: Yan Wang, Jing Zhao, Min Zheng, Zhijian Liu, Wang Li, Xingli Fu, Yuan Lin, Jiaqi Yuan, Jieji Zhao, Quan Shen, Xiaochun Wang, Hua Wang and Shixing Yang
The influenza A virus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in virus replication, virulence and inhibition of the host antiviral immune response. In the avian...
Authors: Jinghua Cheng, Chunling Zhang, Jie Tao, Benqiang Li, Ying Shi and Huili Liu
Hendra virus and Nipah virus are zoonotic viruses that have caused severe to fatal disease in livestock and human populations. The isolation of Cedar virus, a non-pathogenic virus species in the genus Henipavirus
Authors: Eric D. Laing, Moushimi Amaya, Chanakha K. Navaratnarajah, Yan-Ru Feng, Roberto Cattaneo, Lin-Fa Wang and Christopher C. Broder
Non-structural protein NS1 of influenza A viruses harbours several determinants of pathogenicity and host-range. However it is still unclear to what extent each of its two structured domains (i.e. RNA-binding ...
Authors: Sascha Trapp, Denis Soubieux, Alexandra Lidove, Evelyne Esnault, Adrien Lion, Vanaique Guillory, Alan Wacquiez, Emmanuel Kut, Pascale Quéré, Thibaut Larcher, Mireille Ledevin, Virginie Nadan, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville and Daniel Marc
Women living with HIV are at increased risk to be co-infected with HPV, persistent high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and increased HR HPV viral load, which make them more at risk for cervical...
Authors: Sonia Menon, Stanley Luchters, Rodolfo Rossi, Steven Callens, Mandaliya Kishor, Johannes Bogers and Davy vanden Broeck
The tumor suppressor gene p53 has been found to suppress HIV infection by various mechanisms, but the inhibition of HIV at an early stage of replication by host cell p53 and its downstream gene p21 has not bee...
Authors: Binshan Shi, Hamayun J. Sharifi, Sara DiGrigoli, Michaela Kinnetz, Katie Mellon, Wenwei Hu and Carlos M. C. de Noronha
Clinical management of HPV positive women is difficult since many of the infections, including high-risk oncogene genotypes (hr-HPV), are transient. Therefore only a limited number of patients have a high-grad...
Authors: Maria Teresa Bruno, Martina Ferrara, Valentina Fava, Agnese Rapisarda and Angela Coco
A vaccine against all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes includes the formulation of one genotype of each serotype. Although genetic similarities among genotypes within a serotype are higher as compared to tho...
Authors: Nor Azila Muhammad Azami, Meng Ling Moi, Yasushi Ami, Yuriko Suzaki, Chang-Kweng Lim, Satoshi Taniguchi, Masayuki Saijo, Tomohiko Takasaki and Ichiro Kurane
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of dengue virus (DENV) infection has been identified as the main risk factor for severe dengue disease, although the underlying mechanisms leading to severe dengue fever re...
DNA delivery with bacteriophage by surface-displayed mammalian cell penetrating peptides has been reported. Although, various phages have been used to facilitate DNA transfer by surface displaying the protein ...
Authors: Hai Xu, Xi Bao, Yiwei Wang, Yue Xu, Bihua Deng, Yu Lu and Jibo Hou
According to international guidelines, HPV DNA tests represent a valid alternative to Pap Test for primary cervical cancer screening, provided that they guarantee balanced clinical sensitivity and specificity ...
Authors: Michela Iacobellis, Cecilia Violante, Gabriella Notarachille, Angela Simone, Rosa Scarfì and Giuseppe Giuffrè
Recent GWAS-associated studies reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABCB1, TGFβ1, XRCC1 genes were associated with hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, and variants of APOA4 and APOE genes wer...
Suspension culture of BHK cells allows large-scale virus propagation and cost-efficient vaccine production, while the shift to animal-component-free cell culture media without serum is beneficial for the quali...
Authors: Veronika Dill, Bernd Hoffmann, Aline Zimmer, Martin Beer and Michael Eschbaumer
The infection in dogs due to canine parvovirus (CPV), is a highly contagious one with high mortality rate. The present study was undertaken for a detailed genetic analysis of partial VP2 gene i.e., 630 bp isol...
Authors: Nisar Ahmed, Adeel Riaz, Zahra Zubair, Muhammad Saqib, Sehrish Ijaz, Muhammad Shah Nawaz-Ul-Rehman, Ahmed Al-Qahtani and Muhammad Mubin
Rotavirus (RV) and enteric adenovirus (AdV) mainly cause infantile infectious gastroenteritis. Several separate test methods for the detection of RV or AdV are currently available, but few tests are able to si...
Authors: Na Jiang, Lei Shi, Jieping Lin, Lifang Zhang, Yanxia Peng, Huiying Sheng, Ping Wu and Qingjun Pan
Toll like receptor (TLR) 3 is a critically important innate pattern recognizing receptor that senses many viral infections. Although, it has been shown that double stranded (ds) RNA can be used for the stimula...
Authors: Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Maha Ahmed Sabry, Eman Hamza, Eva Nagy, Shayan Sharif and Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Reticuloendotheliosis is an immunosuppressive disease caused by avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV). It is commonly found in poultry farms and has caused a notable economic loss worldwide. Despite this, th...
After publication of the article [1], it was brought to our attention that the author E. López-Díez is missing their second affiliation. The author would also like to indicate an affiliation to “Universidade d...
Authors: S. Perez, A. Iñarrea, R. Pérez-Tanoira, M. Gil, E. López-Díez, O. Valenzuela, M. Porto, L. Alberte-Lista, M. A. Peteiro-Cancelo, A. Treinta, R. Carballo, M. C. Reboredo, M. E. Alvarez-Argüelles and M. J. Purriños
Host single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interleukin 28B (IL28B) locus are associated with sustained virological response to antiviral therapy and with spontaneous Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) clearance. P...
Authors: Natalia Echeverría, Daniela Chiodi, Pablo López, Adriana Sanchez Ciceron, Jenniffer Angulo, Marcelo López-Lastra, Paola Silvera, Adrian Canavesi, Carla Bianchi, Valentina Colistro, Juan Cristina, Nelia Hernandez and Pilar Moreno
Vesiviruses (family Caliciviridae) had been shown capable of invading a variety of host species, raising concern of their zoonotic potential. Since the 1980’s, several canine caliciviruses (CaCV) isolates have be...
Authors: Leonard N. Binn, Erica A. Norby, Ruth H. Marchwicki, Richard G. Jarman, Paul B. Keiser and Jun Hang
Bats are natural reservoirs for several highly pathogenic and novel viruses including coronaviruses (CoVs) (mainly Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus). Lyle’s flying fox (Pteropus lylei)‘s roosts and foraging s...
Rhabdoviridae is one of the most ecologically diverse families of RNA viruses which can infect a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates. Bats, among mammals, are pointed to harbor a significantly higher p...
Authors: Davide Lelli, Alice Prosperi, Ana Moreno, Chiara Chiapponi, Anna Maria Gibellini, Paola De Benedictis, Stefania Leopardi, Enrica Sozzi and Antonio Lavazza
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women have a high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), and are infected with a broader range of HPV types than HIV-negative women. We aimed to determine the pre...
Authors: Monique Figueiredo Teixeira, Meritxell Sabidó, André Luiz Leturiondo, Cynthia de Oliveira Ferreira, Kátia Luz Torres and Adele Schwartz Benzaken
The cytoplasmic domain of lentiviral Envelopes (EnvCD) ensures Env incorporation into nascent virions and regulates Env trafficking to and from the plasma membrane. It has also been reported to promote transcr...
Authors: Cyprien Beraud, Morgane Lemaire and Danielle Perez Bercoff
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide public health burden and it is estimated that 185 million people are or have previously been infected worldwide. There is no effective vaccine for prevention of...
Authors: Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim, Jacqueline Farinha Shimizu, Paula Rahal and Mark Harris
In spite of the purification of the laying hens and broilers of avian leukosis virus (ALV) has made remarkable achievements, the infection of ALV was still serious in Chinese indigenous chickens.
Genotype 3 hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is generally associated with mild disease. However, recently eight genotype 3 HEV isolates were identified from patients with severe hepatitis. Importantly, three m...
Authors: Dianjun Cao, Yan-Yan Ni and Xiang-Jin Meng
Dengue, caused by one of the four serologically distinct dengue viruses (DENV-1 to − 4), is a mosquito-borne disease of serious global health significance. Reliable and cost-effective diagnostic tests, along w...
John Cunningham virus (JCV) is a human neurotropic polyomavirus whose replication in the Central Nervous System (SNC) induces the fatal demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). ...
Authors: C. Prezioso, D. Scribano, D. M. Rodio, C. Ambrosi, M. Trancassini, A. T. Palamara and V. Pietropaolo
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a lethal infectious disease in suckling piglets with symptoms including watery diarrhea caused by PED virus (PEDV). Since the late 1990’s, live vaccines based on genogroup 1 ...
Goose parvovirus (GPV) causes acute enteritis, hepatitis, myocarditis and high morbidity and mortality in geese and ducks. GPV H strain was isolated from a Heilongjiang goose farm where the geese were showing ...
Authors: Yinjie Niu, Lili Zhao, Baihan Liu, Jingli Liu, Fan Yang, Haichang Yin, Hong Huo and Hongyan Chen
Simeprevir is approved with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PR) for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT) 1 and GT4 infection in the USA and the European Union.
Authors: Fabien Zoulim, Christophe Moreno, Samuel S. Lee, Peter Buggisch, Andrzej Horban, Eric Lawitz, Chris Corbett, Oliver Lenz, Bart Fevery, Thierry Verbinnen, Umesh Shukla and Wolfgang Jessner
The occurrence of the novel porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) was reported from the Americas, Asia and Europe. Although this virus was detected in association with various clinical syndromes in pigs, its role a...
Authors: Robert Fux, Christina Söckler, Ellen Kathrin Link, Christine Renken, Roman Krejci, Gerd Sutter, Mathias Ritzmann and Matthias Eddicks
The Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) was first reported in the 1980s, having its occurrence limited to Brazil and Argentina. Due to an apparent mild severity in the past, molecular studies concerning TCSV we...
Authors: Reina Teresa Martínez, Mariana Martins Severo de Almeida, Rosalba Rodriguez, Athos Silva de Oliveira, Fernando Lucas Melo and Renato Oliveira Resende
Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus that until 2007 was restricted to a few cases of mild illness in Africa and Asia.
Authors: Ligia Fernandes Abdalla, João Hugo Abdalla Santos, Renata Teodora Jales Barreto, Erick Martins e Souza, Fabrício Fonseca D’Assunção, Márcio Aurélio Borges, Valdinete Alves Nascimento, George Allan Villarouco da Silva, Victor Costa de Souza, Rajendranath Ramasawmy, Ana Carolina Campi-Azevedo, Jordana Graziela Coelho-dos-Reis, Lis Ribeiro do Vale Antonelli, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho and Felipe Gomes Naveca
Since the discovery of giant viruses infecting amoebae in 2003, many dogmas of virology have been revised and the search for these viruses has been intensified. Over the last few years, several new groups of t...
Authors: Ana Cláudia dos S. P. Andrade, Thalita S. Arantes, Rodrigo A. L. Rodrigues, Talita B. Machado, Fábio P. Dornas, Melissa F. Landell, Cinthia Furst, Luiz G. A. Borges, Lara A. L. Dutra, Gabriel Almeida, Giliane de S. Trindade, Ivan Bergier, Walter Abrahão, Iara A. Borges, Juliana R. Cortines, Danilo B. de Oliveira…
The specific and dynamic interaction between the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of morbilliviruses is a prerequisite for the conformational rearrangements and membrane fusion during infection proces...
Authors: Xuelian Meng, Ruixue Deng, Xueliang Zhu and Zhidong Zhang
Previous published studies have reported conflicting results of association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and preeclampsia. There was no published data on HBV and preeclampsia in Africa including S...
Authors: Mohamed A. Ahmed, Manal E. Sharif, Duria A. Rayis, Abubakr M. Nasr and Ishag Adam
