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  1. Influenza virus infection is among the most detrimental threats to the health of humans and some animals, infecting millions of people annually all around the world and in many thousands of cases giving rise t...

    Authors: Ailar Sabbaghi, Seyed Mohammad Miri, Mohsen Keshavarz, Mehran Mahooti, Arghavan Zebardast and Amir Ghaemi

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:174

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  3. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. The conclusions of this paper have been corroborated by additional data.

    Authors: Johanna Signer, Hulda R. Jonsdottir, Werner C. Albrich, Marc Strasser, Roland Züst, Sarah Ryter, Rahel Ackermann-Gäumann, Nicole Lenz, Denise Siegrist, Andreas Suter, Roland Schoop and Olivier B. Engler

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:172

    Content type: Author Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Virology Journal 2020 17:136

  4. The SureX HPV genotyping test (SureX HPV test), which targets the human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 genes was compared with the Cobas 4800 and Venus HPV tests for detecting 14 high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types in cl...

    Authors: Baojun Wei, Ping Mei, Shengkai Huang, Xueting Yu, Tong Zhi, Guojing Wang, Xiaotian Xu, Lin Xiao, Xin Dong and Wei Cui

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:171

    Content type: Research

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  5. There is plenitude of information on HIV infection among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care (ANC) in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the epidemiology of HBV–HIV co-infections in the same cohort is not clea...

    Authors: Hussein Mukasa Kafeero, Dorothy Ndagire, Ponsiano Ocama, Abdul Walusansa and Hakim Sendagire

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:170

    Content type: Research

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  6. In Tianjin, China, there is a relatively high prevalence of HIV in men who have sex with men (MSM). The number of HIV cases in Tianjin is also increasing. We investigated the HIV molecular transmission network...

    Authors: Minna Zheng, Maohe Yu, Shaohui Cheng, Ning Zhou, Tielin Ning, Long Li, Fangning Zhao, Xuan Zhao, Jingjin Zhu and Guohong Jiang

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:169

    Content type: Research

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  8. Papillomaviruses (PVs) infecting artiodactyls are very diverse, and only second in number to PVs infecting primates. PVs associated to lesions in economically important ruminant species have been isolated from...

    Authors: Anouk Willemsen, Alexander van den Boom, Julienne Dietz, Seval Bilge Dagalp, Firat Dogan, Ignacio G. Bravo, Anja Ehrhardt and Eric Ehrke-Schulz

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:167

    Content type: Research

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  9. Chronic active Epstein–Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is a type of lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by chronic or recurrent infectious mononucleosis (IM)-like symptoms, which can have less-frequent cli...

    Authors: Haijuan Xiao, Bing Hu, Rongmu Luo, Huili Hu, Junmei Zhang, Weiying Kuang, Rui Zhang, Li Li and Gang Liu

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:166

    Content type: Case Report

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  11. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe complications in congenitally infected newborns and non-immunocompetent individuals. Developing an effective vaccine is a major public heal...

    Authors: Krishnan Nair Balakrishnan, Ashwaq Ahmed Abdullah, Jamilu Abubakar Bala, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Mustapha Mohamed Noordin and Mohd Lila Mohd-Azmi

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:164

    Content type: Research

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  12. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes enteric infection in piglets, characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the mortality in suckling piglets is often high up to 100%. Vacci...

    Authors: Fujie Zhao, Lintao Liu, Menglong Xu, Xiangli Shu, Lanlan Zheng and Zhanyong Wei

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:163

    Content type: Research

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  13. We aimed to describe the features of 220 nonemergency (mild or common type) COVID-19 patients from a shelter hospital, as well as evaluate the efficiency of antiviral drug, Arbidol in their disease progressions.

    Authors: Wei Gao, Si Chen, Kun Wang, Rongzhang Chen, Qian Guo, Jingjing Lu, Xiaodong Wu, Yanan He, Qiaoyun Yan, Shengyun Wang, Feilong Wang, Li Jin, Jing Hua and Qiang Li

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:162

    Content type: Short report

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  14. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important causes of cancer. It can play a role in cervical and extra-cervical cancers. Penile cancer is rare, even if an increasing trend was recently re...

    Authors: Narcisa Muresu, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Illari Sechi, Antonio Cossu, Vincenzo Marras, Marta Meloni, Marianna Martinelli, Clementina Cocuzza, Francesco Tanda and Andrea Piana

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:161

    Content type: Short report

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  15. Fast, reliable and easy to handle methods are required to facilitate urgently needed point-of-care testing (POCT) in the current coronavirus pandemic. Life-threatening severe acute respiratory syndrome coronav...

    Authors: Lena Mautner, Christin-Kirsty Baillie, Heike Marie Herold, Wolfram Volkwein, Patrick Guertler, Ute Eberle, Nikolaus Ackermann, Andreas Sing, Melanie Pavlovic, Ottmar Goerlich, Ulrich Busch, Lars Wassill, Ingrid Huber and Armin Baiker

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:160

    Content type: Methodology

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  16. Aimed to summarize the characteristics of chest CT imaging in Chinese hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to provide reliable evidence for further guiding clinical routine.

    Authors: Haitao Yang, Yuzhu Lan, Xiujuan Yao, Sheng Lin and Baosong Xie

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:159

    Content type: Research

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  17. Wheat yellow dwarf virus disease is infected by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), which causes leaf yellowing and dwarfing symptoms in wheat, thereby posing a serious threat to China's food production. The inf...

    Authors: Chuan Shen, Caiyan Wei, Jingyuan Li, Xudong Zhang, Qinrong Zhong, Yue Li, Bixin Bai and Yunfeng Wu

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:158

    Content type: Research

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  18. Street rabies virus (RABV) usually infects hosts at peripheral sites and migrates from motor or sensory nerves to the central nervous system. Several studies have found that inflammation is mild in a mouse mod...

    Authors: Shu Qing Liu, Yuan Xie, Xin Gao, Qian Wang and Wu Yang Zhu

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:157

    Content type: Research

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  19. Although acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has been reported as a common infectious disease in children, there is scarce information about enterovirus (EV) circulating associated with AGE cases in Brazil. The purpos...

    Authors: Raiana Scerni Machado, Ivanildo Pedro de Sousa Jr., Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro, James Lima Ferreira, Jainara Cristina dos Santos Alves and Fernando Neto Tavares

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:156

    Content type: Short report

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  20. This study aims to screen the male human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status and genotyping in Qingcheng District, Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, China to provide a reference basis for formulating preven...

    Authors: Wei-Guo Yin, Meng Yang, Lei Peng, Yan-Mei Liu, Bin Cheng, Shu-Xia Xuan, Chen Chen and Feng-Jun Tan

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:155

    Content type: Research

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  21. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously named 2019-nCov), a novel coronavirus that emerged in China in December 2019 and was dec...

    Authors: Sumanth Khadke, Nayla Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Ryan Ratts, Shine Raju, Molly Gallogly, Marcos de Lima and Muhammad Rizwan Sohail

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:154

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  22. Human pegivirus (HPgV)—formerly known as GBV-C—is a member of the Flaviviridae family and belongs to the species Pegivirus C. It is a non-pathogenic virus and is transmitted among humans mainly through the exposu...

    Authors: Aniel de Sarom Negrão Silva, Clayton Pereira Silva, Rafael Ribeiro Barata, Pedro Victor Reis da Silva, Patrícia Danin Jordão Monteiro, Letícia Lamarão, Rommel Mário Rodríguez Burbano, Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes and Patrícia Danielle Lima de Lima

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:153

    Content type: Research

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  23. Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) of the genus Parapoxvirus in the family Poxviridae causes pseudocowpox in cattle worldwide and presents a zoonotic concern. Most poxviruses produce diseases of similar clinical signs in ...

    Authors: Maureen Wakwamba Ziba, Chanda Chitala, Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli, Malama Mumba, Giovanni Cattoli, Paul Fandamu and Charles Euloge Lamien

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:152

    Content type: Research

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  24. Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe encephalitis and respiratory disease with a high mortality rate in humans. During large outbreaks of the viral disease, serological te...

    Authors: Shumpei Watanabe, Shuetsu Fukushi, Toshihiko Harada, Masayuki Shimojima, Tomoki Yoshikawa, Takeshi Kurosu, Yoshihiro Kaku, Shigeru Morikawa and Masayuki Saijo

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:151

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  25. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Erlin Wang, Yunshuang Ye, Ke Zhang, Jinlong Yang, Daohua Gong, Jianhua Zhang, Shijun Hong, Huan Zhang, Lihong Li, Guijun Chen, Liping Yang, Jianmei Liu, Hanyu Cao, Ting Du, Nigel W. Fraser, Le Cheng…

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:150

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Virology Journal 2020 17:95

  26. In plants, the RNA silencing system functions as an antiviral defense mechanism following its induction with virus-derived double-stranded RNAs. This occurs through the action of RNA silencing components, incl...

    Authors: Joon Kwon, Atsushi Kasai, Tetsuo Maoka, Chikara Masuta, Teruo Sano and Kenji S. Nakahara

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:149

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  27. The first cases of African swine fever (ASF) were detected in the Lithuanian wild boar population in 2014. Since then, the disease spread slowly through the whole country, affecting both, wild boar and domesti...

    Authors: Arnoldas Pautienius, Katja Schulz, Christoph Staubach, Juozas Grigas, Ruta Zagrabskaite, Jurate Buitkuviene, Rolandas Stankevicius, Zaneta Streimikyte, Vaidas Oberauskas, Dainius Zienius, Algirdas Salomskas, Carola Sauter-Louis and Arunas Stankevicius

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:148

    Content type: Short report

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  28. The vaginal microbiota has been reported to be associated with HPV infection and cervical cancer. This study was performed to compare the vaginal microbiota at two timepoints in women performing self-sampling ...

    Authors: Malin Berggrund, Inger Gustavsson, Riina Aarnio, Julia Hedlund Lindberg, Karin Sanner, Ingrid Wikström, Stefan Enroth, Ignas Bunikis, Matts Olovsson and Ulf Gyllensten

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:147

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  29. An effective vaccine that prevents disease caused by hantaviruses is a global public health priority, but up to now, no vaccine has been approved for worldwide use. Therefore, novel vaccines with high prophyla...

    Authors: Ying Ma, Kang Tang, Yusi Zhang, Chunmei Zhang, Linfeng Cheng, Fanglin Zhang, Ran Zhuang, Boquan Jin and Yun Zhang

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:146

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  31. The basic reproduction number (R0) is the number of cases directly caused by an infected individual throughout his infectious period. R0 is used to determine the ability of a disease to spread within a given p...

    Authors: Samath Dharmaratne, Supun Sudaraka, Ishanya Abeyagunawardena, Kasun Manchanayake, Mahen Kothalawala and Wasantha Gunathunga

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:144

    Content type: Research

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  32. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), a disease caused by a pathogen called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a pandemic. ...

    Authors: Mulugeta Kiros, Henok Andualem, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Wasihun Hailemichael, Sisay Getu, Alene Geteneh, Derbie Alemu and Woldaregay Erku Abegaz

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:143

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  33. Infections caused by protozoan parasites burden the world with huge costs in terms of human and animal health. Most parasitic diseases caused by protozoans are neglected, particularly those associated with pov...

    Authors: Paul Barrow, Jean Claude Dujardin, Nicolas Fasel, Alex D. Greenwood, Klaus Osterrieder, George Lomonossoff, Pier Luigi Fiori, Robert Atterbury, Matteo Rossi and Marco Lalle

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:142

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  34. The COVID-19 causing coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus that utilizes an enzyme RNA dependent RNA polymerase for its replication. Favipiravir (FVP) triphosphate, a purine nucleoside analog, inhibits that en...

    Authors: Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Pravash Budhathoki, Sitaram Khadka, Prajwol Bikram Shah, Nisheem Pokharel and Prama Rashmi

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:141

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  35. Coronaviruses (CoVs) were long thought to only cause mild respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in humans but outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SA...

    Authors: Johanna Signer, Hulda R. Jonsdottir, Werner C. Albrich, Marc Strasser, Roland Züst, Sarah Ryter, Rahel Ackermann-Gäumann, Nicole Lenz, Denise Siegrist, Andreas Suter, Roland Schoop and Olivier B. Engler

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:136

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    The Author Correction to this article has been published in Virology Journal 2020 17:172

  36. Despite available treatments, a prophylactic HCV vaccine is needed to achieve elimination targets. HCV vaccine development has faltered largely because the extreme diversity of the virus limits the protective ...

    Authors: Alexander I. Mosa, Mounir G. AbouHaidar, Richard A. Urbanowicz, John E. Tavis, Jonathan K. Ball and Jordan J. Feld

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:140

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  38. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed significant threats to international health. The genetic traits as well as evol...

    Authors: Wei Hou

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:138

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  39. Recent study has shown that the C-terminal portion of 3A (amino acids (aa) 81–153) is not essential for foot-and-mouth disease virus replication in cell culture, however, the complete C-terminal portion (aa 77...

    Authors: Pinghua Li, Xueqing Ma, Xingwen Bai, Pu Sun, Hong Yuan, Yimei Cao, Kun Li, Huifang Bao, Yuanfang Fu, Jing Zhang, Yingli Chen, Dong Li, Zhiyong Li, Zengjun Lu and Zaixin Liu

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:137

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  40. African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe hemorrhagic viral disease of domestic pigs. The analysis of variable regions of African swine fever virus (ASFV) genome led to more genotypic and ser...

    Authors: Patrick N. Bisimwa, Juliette R. Ongus, Christian K. Tiambo, Eunice M. Machuka, Espoir B. Bisimwa, Lucilla Steinaa and Roger Pelle

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:135

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  41. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Renxian Tang, Fanyun Kong, Lina Hu, Hongjuan You, Peng Zhang, Weidong Du and Kuiyang Zheng

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:134

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Virology Journal 2012 9:163

  42. Sheeppox and goatpox are both economically important animal diseases in which pathogens are goatpox virus (GTPV) and sheeppox virus (SPPV). They can’t cause cross-species infection between sheep and goats in g...

    Authors: Chuanchuan He, Jianjun Tong, Xueping Zhang, Milikaimu Tuohetiniyazi, Yu Zhang and Youwen Li

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:133

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  43. Chronic hepatitis B has become a major public health problem in China. An accurate depiction of the disease burden has not yet been thoroughly conducted. We aimed to project the disease burden of chronic hepat...

    Authors: Yang Zheng, Jie Wu, Cheng Ding, Kaijin Xu, Shigui Yang and Lanjuan Li

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:132

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  44. The Covid19 infection is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a novel member of the coronavirus (CoV) family. CoV genomes code for a ORF1a / ORF1ab polyprotein and four structural proteins widely studied as major d...

    Authors: Christian Jean Michel, Claudine Mayer, Olivier Poch and Julie Dawn Thompson

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:131

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  45. New strategies are urgently needed to deal with the growing problem of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. As the natural viruses against bacteria, recently, bacteriophages have received particular attent...

    Authors: Feng Wang, Yan Xiong, Yao Xiao, Jian Han, Xianyu Deng and Lianbing Lin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:130

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  46. Currently, one of the most reliable methods for viral infection detection are polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assays. This process is time and resource heavy, requiring multiple steps of lysis, extractio...

    Authors: Zachary P. Morehouse, Caleb M. Proctor, Gabriella L. Ryan and Rodney J. Nash

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:129

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  47. Heterozygosity at HLA class I loci is generally considered beneficial for host defense. We report here an element of HLA class I homozygosity that may or may not help preserve its existence in populations but ...

    Authors: Eliana E. Ochoa, Ruksana Huda, Steven F. Scheibel, Joan E. Nichols, David J. Mock, Nayef El-Daher, Frank M. Domurat and Norbert J. Roberts Jr

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:128

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. There has been little published data on estimates of HBV and/or HCV coinfection in HIV-positive patients in China or an understanding of how this coinfection varies with different factors. Therefore, this stud...

    Authors: Songxia Yu, Chengbo Yu, Jian Li, Shiming Liu, Haowen Wang and Min Deng

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:127

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  49. The incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been dramatically reduced in China after sufficient vaccine coverage. The live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine SA14–14-2 is believed to have...

    Authors: Xiaoyan Zheng, Xiaozheng Yu, Yan Wang, Lance Turtle, Min Cui, Ran Wang and Chenghong Yin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:126

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  50. We recently reported the development of the first African green monkey (AGM) model for COVID-19 based on a combined liquid intranasal (i.n.) and intratracheal (i.t.) exposure to severe acute respiratory syndro...

    Authors: Robert W. Cross, Krystle N. Agans, Abhishek N. Prasad, Viktoriya Borisevich, Courtney Woolsey, Daniel J. Deer, Natalie S. Dobias, Joan B. Geisbert, Karla A. Fenton and Thomas W. Geisbert

    Citation: Virology Journal 2020 17:125

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

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  • ISSN: 1743-422X (electronic)

Virology Journal

ISSN: 1743-422X