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  1. The clinical relevance of the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in acute bronchiolitis (AB) has not been established. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of viral coinfections on the progression and se...

    Authors: Lorena Bermúdez-Barrezueta, Pablo López-Casillas, Silvia Rojo-Rello, Laura Sáez-García, José Manuel Marugán-Miguelsanz and María de la Asunción Pino-Vázquez
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:235
  2. The mosquito-borne flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) pose a significant threat to the health of humans and animals. Both viruses co-circulate in numerous European countries including Ge...

    Authors: Christin Körsten, Hannah Reemtsma, Ute Ziegler, Susanne Fischer, Birke A. Tews, Martin H. Groschup, Cornelia Silaghi, Ana Vasic and Cora M. Holicki
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:234
  3. As the HIV epidemic continues to grow, transmitted drug resistance(TDR) and determining relationship of HIV transmission are major barriers to reduce the risk of HIV transmissions.This study aimed to examine t...

    Authors: Hang Hong, Chunlan Tang, Yuhui Liu, Haibo Jiang, Ting Fang and Guozhang Xu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:233
  4. In addition to the well-known coronavirus genomes and subgenomic mRNAs, the existence of other coronavirus RNA species, which are collectively referred to as noncanonical transcripts, has been suggested; howev...

    Authors: Ching-Hung Lin, BoJia Chen, Day-Yu Chao, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Chien-Chen Lai, Wei-Chen Wang, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Chun-Chun Yang, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Hon-Man-Herman Tam and Hung-Yi Wu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:232
  5. The global incidence of dengue fever has gradually increased in recent years, posing a serious threat to human health. In the absence of specific anti-dengue drugs, understanding the interaction of Dengue viru...

    Authors: Ning Wu, Jinzhong Ji, Xiaoqin Gou, Pan Hu, Yao Cheng, Yuhang Liu, Yuanying Wang, Qilong Zhang and Li Zuo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:231
  6. Porcine circovirus 4 (PCV-4) is a novel virus recently discovered (2019) in domestic pigs from China, although several studies have proven its circulation since 2008. Later, PCV-4 was also detected in wild boa...

    Authors: Rocío Holgado-Martín, José Luís Arnal, Marina Sibila, Giovanni Franzo, Desireé Martín-Jurado, David Risco, Joaquim Segalés and Luís Gómez
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:230
  7. The common human coronaviruses (HCoVs) HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1 which are members of the coronavirus family are long co-existed with humans and widely distributed globally. Common HCoVs u...

    Authors: Shuaibing Han, Baoping Xu, Qianyu Feng, Ziheng Feng, Yun Zhu, Junhong Ai, Li Deng, Changchong Li, Ling Cao, Yun Sun, Zhou Fu, Rong Jin, Yunxiao Shang, Zhiming Chen, Lili Xu, Zhengde Xie…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:229
  8. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) differs from most other viruses, as it requires the simultaneous presence of a helper virus for an active infection. Up to 80% of the human population is seropositive for AAV antib...

    Authors: Natalia M Araujo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:228
  9. Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a highly contagious pathogen that strongly influences the productivity of small ruminants worldwide. Acetylation is an important post-translational modification involved...

    Authors: Xuelian Meng, Xiangwei Wang, Xueliang Zhu, Rui Zhang, Zhidong Zhang and Yuefeng Sun
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:227
  10. Despite the extensive vaccination campaigns in many countries, COVID-19 is still a major worldwide health problem because of its associated morbidity and mortality. Therefore, finding efficient treatments as f...

    Authors: Carlos Loucera, Rosario Carmona, Marina Esteban-Medina, Gerrit Bostelmann, Dolores Muñoyerro-Muñiz, Román Villegas, María Peña-Chilet and Joaquín Dopazo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:226
  11. Defective viral genome (DVG) is a truncated version of the full-length virus genome identified in most RNA viruses during infection. The synthesis of DVGs in coronavirus has been suggested; however, the fundam...

    Authors: Ching-Hung Lin, BoJia Chen, Day-Yu Chao, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Chun-Chun Yang, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Hon-Man-Herman Tam and Hung-Yi Wu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:225
  12. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is one of the most serious threats to the citrus industry, and is present in both wild and cultivated citrus. The origin and dispersal patterns of CTV is still poorly understood in ...

    Authors: Changning Wang, Chaoyun Chen, Yiqun Chen, Ke Zhong and Long Yi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:223
  13. Viral infections in humans are responsible for fatalities worldwide and contribute to the incidence of various human ailments. Controllable targeted medicine delivery against many illnesses, including viral in...

    Authors: Amirhosein Faghihkhorasani, Hanan Hassan Ahmed, Noor Muhammad Mashool, Mariem Alwan, Marjan Assefi, Aya Hussein Adab, Saman Yasamineh, Omid Gholizadeh and Moein Baghani
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:222
  14. The live-attenuated Rift Valley Fever Smithburn (SB) vaccine is one of the oldest products widely used in ruminants for control of RVF infections. Vaccinations with RVF Smithburn result in residual pathogenic ...

    Authors: Matome Selina Matsiela, Leeann Naicker, Thandeka Khoza and Nobalanda Mokoena
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:221
  15. Epstein‒Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA virus that belongs to the human B lymphotropic herpesvirus family and is highly prevalent in the human population. Once infected, a host can experience latent infection becaus...

    Authors: Wei Huang, Lang Bai and Hong Tang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:220
  16. Influenza H7N9 virus causes human infections with about 40% case fatality rate. The severe cases usually present with pneumonia; however, some present with central nervous system complications. Pneumonia syndr...

    Authors: Yuxuan Lei, Ying Sun, Weihua Wu, Hui Liu, Xin Wang, Yuelong Shu and Shisong Fang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:219
  17. Plant viruses of the genus Alphaendornavirus are transmitted solely via seed and pollen and generally cause no apparent disease. It has been conjectured that certain plant endornaviruses may confer advantages on ...

    Authors: Thomas J. Brine, Satish B. Viswanathan, Alex M. Murphy, Adrienne E. Pate, Francis O. Wamonje and John P. Carr
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:216
  18. Echovirus 30 is prone to cause hand-foot-and-mouth disease in infants and children. However, molecular epidemiologic information on the spread of E30 in southwestern China remains limited. In this study, we de...

    Authors: Ming Zhang, Daqian He, Yuhan Liu, Yue Gong, Wenxun Dong, Ying Chen and Shaohui Ma
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:215
  19. In May 2022, a new case of Monkeypox Virus (MPX) was reported in a non-endemic area, the United Kingdom, and since then, the number of confirmed cases in Europe has been increasing until WHO, on May 10 2023, d...

    Authors: Pierluigi Francesco Salvo, Damiano Farinacci, Francesca Lombardi, Arturo Ciccullo, Enrica Tamburrini, Rosaria Santangelo, Alberto Borghetti and Simona Di Giambenedetto
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:214
  20. The effect of HBV on neonatal and maternal outcomes can create a basis for more accurate clinical decision-making. So, the aim of this meta-analysis is to detrmine the effect of chronic hepatitis B virus on th...

    Authors: Maryam Afraie, Ghobad Moradi, Kamran Zamani, Mobin Azami and Yousef Moradi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:213
  21. There are many studies on the relationship between vitamin D and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while the results are matters of debate and the mechanisms remain unknown. The present study was performed ...

    Authors: Yali Qiu, Wuping Bao, Xue Tian, Yingying Zhang, Yilin Pan, Guogang Xie, Aihua Bao, Dongning Yin, Min Zhang and Yan Zhou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:212
  22. Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV; genus Trichovirus in the family Betaflexiviridae) was detected in Australia in 2016, but its impact on the production of nursery material and fruit in Australia is still currentl...

    Authors: Kamalpreet Kaur, Amy Rinaldo, David Lovelock, Brendan Rodoni and Fiona Constable
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:211
  23. Rotavirus (RV) is the main cause of serious diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated that RV use host cell mechanisms to motivate their own stabilization and multipl...

    Authors: Haohai Huang, Dan Liao, Guanghui Zhou, Bin He, Rong Pu and Yejia Cui
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:210
  24. The coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak has hit Beijing since mid-Nov, 2022, with soaring growth of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among children. Therefore, it is vital to determin...

    Authors: Lei Yu, Congying Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Xinning Wang, Yingying Kang, Xiaomei Ma, Rui Sun, Yu Sun, Runan Zhu, Liping Jia, Yao Yao, Xiaohui Li, Daitao Zhang, Yang Pan, Bing Lv, Jing Yuan…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:209
  25. - Viral suppression is the main goal of currently available treatment and it is used as a primary indicator of successful treatment for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AID...

    Authors: Getahun Wedaje Tafere, Fufa Hunduma and Aman Yesuf
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:208
  26. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection induces a spectrum of clinical manifestations that depend on the immune response of the patient, i.e., from an asymptomatic form to an inf...

    Authors: Carlos A. Dounce-Cuevas, Angélica Flores-Flores, Mariana S. Bazán, Victor Portales-Rivera, Araceli A. Morelos-Ulíbarri and Blanca Bazán-Perkins
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:207
  27. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by the Dabie bandavirus, [or SFTS virus (SFTSV)] that has become increasingly widespread since it was first reported in 2009. The...

    Authors: Kyungha Lee, Min Ji Choi, Man-Ho Cho, Dong Ok Choi and Seong-Hee Bhoo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:206
  28. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) affects cattle worldwide causing severe productive and economic loss. In this study, we investigated the subgenotypes of BVDV circulating in cattle samples from the Aysén reg...

    Authors: Florence Hugues, Ignacio Cabezas, Mutien Garigliany, Felipe Rivas, Tomás Casanova, Eddy E. González, Oliberto Sánchez, Raúl Castillo, Natalie C. Parra, Oscar Inostroza-Michael, Lucila Moreno, Cristián E. Hernández and Jorge R. Toledo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:205
  29. Dengue virus (DENV) is a Flaviviridae member classified into four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV 1, 2, 3, and 4) and further subdivided genotypes. DENV3 is subdivided into four or five genotypes, dependin...

    Authors: Adriana de Souza Andrade, Sofia Oliveira Campos, Jamile Dias, Marco Antônio Campos and Erna Geessien Kroon
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:204
  30. Inflammation affecting the heart and surrounding tissues is a clinical condition recently reported following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Assessing trends of these events related to immunization will improve vac...

    Authors: Jose Gildardo Paredes-Vazquez, Nestor Rubio-Infante, Hector Lopez-de la Garza, Marion E. G. Brunck, Jaime Alberto Guajardo-Lozano, Martin R. Ramos, Eduardo Vazquez-Garza, Guillermo Torre-Amione, Gerardo Garcia-Rivas and Carlos Jerjes-Sanchez
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:203
  31. This study aims to investigate molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of enterovirus associated hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Chengdu, China, 2013–2022. Monitoring the molecular epidemiology a...

    Authors: Qiuxia Yang, Fang Liu, Li Chang, Shuyu Lai, Jie Teng, Jiaxin Duan, Hui Jian, Ting Liu and Guanglu Che
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:202
  32. To understand the mechanism underlying the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in a population, we sequenced 92 viral genomes from Assam, India. Analysis of these and database sequences revealed a complete selective sweep...

    Authors: Maloyjo Joyraj Bhattacharjee, Anupam Bhattacharya, Bhaswati Kashyap, Manash Jyoti Taw, Wen-Hsiung Li, Ashis K. Mukherjee and Mojibur Rohman Khan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:201
  33. Measuring specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has become one of the main epidemiological tools to survey the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but also vaccination response. The WHO made available a set of well-cha...

    Authors: Inge Kroidl, Simon Winter, Raquel Rubio-Acero, Abhishek Bakuli, Christof Geldmacher, Tabea M. Eser, Flora Déak, Sacha Horn, Anna Zielke, Mohamed I. M. Ahmed, Paulina Diepers, Jessica Guggenbühl, Jonathan Frese, Jan Bruger, Kerstin Puchinger, Jakob Reich…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:200
  34. Sepsis is one of the possible outcomes of severe trauma, and it poses a dire threat to human life, particularly in immunocompromised people. The most prevalent pathogens are bacteria and fungi, but viruses sho...

    Authors: Qingqing Mao, Ying Liu, Ju Zhang, Wang Li, Wen Zhang and Chenglin Zhou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:198
  35. T’Ho virus is a poorly characterized orthoflavivirus most closely related to Rocio virus and Ilheus virus, two orthoflaviviruses associated with human disease, suggesting that T’Ho virus could also be a human ...

    Authors: Chandra S. Tangudu, Alissa M. Hargett, Brooke C. Mitrisin, S. Viridiana Laredo-Tiscareño and Bradley J. Blitvich
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:197
  36. The possibilities of cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) between humans and poultry species are unknown. The analysis of the structure of receptor was used to investigate the po...

    Authors: Mengyue Lei, Ying Ma, Hongli Chen, Pu Huang, Jing Sun, Xu Wang, Qiangming Sun, Yunzhang Hu and Jiandong Shi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:196
  37. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a member of the genus Circovirus and family Circoviridae, is a closed, small, circular, and single-stranded DNA virus, and it is a crucial swine pathogen of porcine circovirus-as...

    Authors: Qiulin Jiao, Liuyue Yang, Xiangzu Liu, Yanwen Wen, Linxing Tian, Ping Qian, Huanchun Chen and Xiangmin Li
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:195
  38. Although three years after the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, the virus is still having a significant impact on human health and the global economy. Infection through respiratory droplets is the main transmission rou...

    Authors: Seok-Woo Hyun, Sangha Han, Jeong Won Son, Min Su Song, Dan Ah Kim and Sang-Do Ha
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:194
  39. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain has multiple immune-escape mutations in the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD). Rapid detection of these mutations to identify Omicron and its lineages is essential for g...

    Authors: Xiaomu Kong, Peng Gao, Yongwei Jiang, Lixia Lu, Meimei Zhao, Yi Liu, Guoxiong Deng, Haoyan Zhu, Yongtong Cao and Liang Ma
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:192
  40. The recent outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic resulted in a successful vaccination program launched by the World Health Organization. However, a large population is still unvaccinated, leading to the emergen...

    Authors: Samar Sami Alkafaas, Abanoub Mosaad Abdallah, Aya Misbah Hussien, Heba Bedair, Mahmoud Abdo, Soumya Ghosh, Sara Samy Elkafas, Wilgince Apollon, Morteza Saki, Samah A. Loutfy, Helen Onyeaka and Mohamed Hessien
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:191
  41. Members of the family Polyomaviridae have a circular double-stranded DNA genome that have been identified in various hosts ranging from mammals to arachnids. Here we report the identification and analysis of a co...

    Authors: Joana Abrantes, Arvind Varsani, Paulo Pereira, Catarina Maia, Inês Farias, Ana Veríssimo and Fabiana Neves
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:190
  42. The emergence of COVID-19 and the implementation of preventive measures and behavioral changes have led to a significant decrease in the prevalence of other respiratory viruses. However, the manner in which se...

    Authors: De Chang, Mingui Lin, Ning Song, Zhantao Zhu, Jing Gao, Shujun Li, Hongmei Liu, DeZhi Liu, Yu Zhang, Wenkui Sun, Xuan Zhou, Bin Yang, Yongjun Li, Lili Wang, Zhiqing Xiao, Kailong Li…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:189
  43. Limited data exists on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) infections in migrant populations. This study investigated HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalences and associations among craft and manual ...

    Authors: Gheyath K. Nasrallah, Soha R. Dargham, Duaa W. Al-Sadeq, Fathima H. Amanullah, Farah M. Shurrab, Parveen B. Nizamuddin, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub, Sami Abdeen, Ashraf Abdelkarim, Faisal Daraan, Ahmed Ismail, Nahid Mostafa, Mohamed Sahl, Jinan Suliman, Elias Tayar…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:188
  44. The genomic components of multipartite viruses are encapsidated in separate virus particles, and the frequencies of genomic components represent one of the key genetic features. Many begomoviruses of economic ...

    Authors: Yu-Xin Xiao, Di Li, Yi-Jie Wu, Shu-Sheng Liu and Li-Long Pan
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:186
  45. HTLV-1-associated uveitis (HAU) is an inflammatory reaction of the choroid, retina, optic nerve and vitreous that can lead to vision impairment. The worldwide prevalence of HAU varies widely.

    Authors: Daniele Piai Ozores, Regina Rathsam Pinheiro, Ney Boa-Sorte, Maurício Campos e Silva Dias, Raianne Silva Lima, Thessika Hialla Almeida Araújo, Bernardo Galvão-Castro and Maria Fernanda Rios Grassi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2023 20:185