Articles

A study of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the Chinese tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with many human diseases, including a variety of deadly human malignant tumours. However, due to the lack of ideal animal models,the biological characteristics of...

Authors: Zhi Wang, Xiang Yi, Long Du, Hong Wang, Jie Tang, Menglin Wang, Chenglin Qi, Heng Li, Yongjing Lai, Wei Xia and Anzhou Tang

Mucus and Mucins: do they have a role in the inhibition of the human immunodeficiency virus?

Mucins are large O-linked glycosylated proteins which give mucus their gel-forming properties. There are indications that mucus and mucins in saliva, breast milk and in the cervical plug inhibit the human immu...

Authors: Anwar Suleman Mall, Habtom Habte, Yolanda Mthembu, Julia Peacocke and Corena de Beer

Genetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 from pigs affected with PMWS in Chile reveals intergenotypic recombination

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a very small, non-enveloped and icosahedral virus, with circular single stranded DNA genome. This virus is the most ubiquitous and persistent pathogen currently affecting th...

Authors: Victor Neira, Natalia Ramos, Rodrigo Tapia, Juan Arbiza, Andrónico Neira-Carrillo, Manuel Quezada, Álvaro Ruiz and Sergio A. Bucarey

Recombinant Newcastle disease virus rL-RVG enhances the apoptosis and inhibits the migration of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulating alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in vitro

The aim of this study were to investigate the possible pro-apoptotic mechanisms of the recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain rL-RVG, which expresses the rabies virus glycoprotein, in A549 lung adeno...

Authors: Yulan Yan, Chunxiang Su, Min Hang, Hua Huang, Yinghai Zhao, Xiaomei Shao and Xuefeng Bu

Characterization and epitope mapping of Dengue virus type 1 specific monoclonal antibodies

Dengue virus (DV) infection causes a spectrum of clinical diseases ranging from dengue fever to a life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever. Four distinct serotypes (DV1–4), which have similar genome sequences...

Authors: Wen-Hung Chen, Feng-Pai Chou, Yu-Kuo Wang, Sheng-Cih Huang, Chuan-Hung Cheng and Tung-Kung Wu

Viral metagenomics of aphids present in bean and maize plots on mixed-use farms in Kenya reveals the presence of three dicistroviruses including a novel Big Sioux River virus-like dicistrovirus

Aphids are major vectors of plant viruses. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) are important crops that are vulnerable to aphid herbivory and aphid-transmitted viruses. In East and Central...

Authors: Francis O. Wamonje, George N. Michuki, Luke A. Braidwood, Joyce N. Njuguna, J. Musembi Mutuku, Appolinaire Djikeng, Jagger J. W. Harvey and John P. Carr

Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope using a monoclonal antibody against the carboxy terminus of the canine distemper virus nucleoprotein and sequence analysis of the identified epitope in different CDV isolates

The Nucleoprotein (NP) is the most abundant and highly immunogenic protein in canine distemper virus (CDV), playing an important role in CDV viral replication and assembly.

Authors: Li Yi, Zhigang Cao, Mingwei Tong, Yuening Cheng, Yong Yang, Shuang Li, Jianke Wang, Peng Lin, Yaru Sun, Miao Zhang and Shipeng Cheng

Phylogenetic, antigenic and biological characterization of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 circulating in China

For many years, ND has been one of the most important infectious pigeon diseases in China. In recent years, a high mortality has been observed in ND-infected pigeons in China. Mortality is from 40% to 80% or 1...

Authors: Xusheng Qiu, Chunchun Meng, Yuan Zhan, Shengqing Yu, Shichao Li, Tingting Ren, Weifeng Yuan, Shuqin Xu, Yingjie Sun, Lei Tan, Cuiping Song, Ying Liao, Zhuang Ding, Xiufan Liu and Chan Ding

Two mutations in the HR2 region of Newcastle disease virus fusion protein with a cleavage motif “RRQRRL” are critical for fusogenic activity

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes severe diseases in avian species. Its fusion protein cleavage site (Fcs) is a major contributor to virulence and membrane fusion. Previous studies showed that a change from...

Authors: Yanhong Wang, Youkun Bi, Wanqi Yu, Ning Wei, Wenbin Wang, Qiaolin Wei, Xinglong Wang, Shuxia Zhang, Zengqi Yang and Sa Xiao

Development of molecular confirmation tools for swift and easy rabies diagnostics

As rabies still represents a major public threat with tens of thousands of deaths per year, particularly in developing countries, adequate surveillance based on rapid and reliable rabies diagnosis for both hum...

Authors: Kore Schlottau, Conrad M. Freuling, Thomas Müller, Martin Beer and Bernd Hoffmann

Molecular characterization of the duck enteritis virus US10 protein

There is little information regarding the duck enteritis virus (DEV) US10 gene and its molecular characterization.

Authors: Daixi Zhang, Maoyin Lai, Anchun Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Ying Wu, Qiao Yang, Mafeng Liu, Dekang Zhu, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Kunfeng Sun, Xinxin Zhao and Xiaoyue Chen

Erratum to: Metabolomics of rhabdomyosarcoma cell during echovirus 30 infection

Authors: Sarika Tiwari and Tapan N. Dhole

A novel Coltivirus-related virus isolated from free-tailed bats from Côte d’Ivoire is able to infect human cells in vitro

Zoonotic transmission events play a major role in the emergence of novel diseases. While such events are virtually impossible to predict, wildlife screening for potential emerging pathogens can be a first step...

Authors: Sabrina Weiss, Piotr Wojtek Dabrowski, Andreas Kurth, Siv Aina J. Leendertz and Fabian H. Leendertz

Characteristics of influenza H13N8 subtype virus firstly isolated from Qinghai Lake Region, China

Since the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza caused thousands of deaths of wild bird in this area in 2005, Qinghai Lake in China has become a hot spot for study of the influence of avian influenza to migratory w...

Authors: Jie Dong, Hong Bo, Ye Zhang, Libo Dong, Shumei Zou, Weijuan Huang, Jia Liu, Dayan Wang and Yuelong Shu

Bacteriophage therapy to combat bacterial infections in poultry

Infections in poultry are an economic and health problem in Europe and worldwide. The most common infections are associated with salmonellosis, colibacillosis, campylobacteriosis, and others. The prevalence of Ca...

Authors: Andrzej Wernicki, Anna Nowaczek and Renata Urban-Chmiel

Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus suppresses hepatitis B virus replication by enhancing extracellular signal-regulated Kinase activation

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. As the clinical utility of current therapies is limited, the development of new therapeut...

Authors: Huifang Li, Junru Li, Yuan Tang, Lin Lin, Zhanglian Xie, Jia Zhou, Liyun Zhang, Xiaoyong Zhang, Xiaoshan Zhao, Zhengliang Chen and Daming Zuo

Hepatitis delta: virological and clinical aspects

There are an estimated 400 million chronic carriers of HBV worldwide; between 15 and 20 million have serological evidence of exposure to HDV. Traditionally, regions with high rates of endemicity are central an...

Authors: Luan Felipo Botelho-Souza, Mariana Pinheiro Alves Vasconcelos, Alcione de Oliveira dos Santos, Juan Miguel Villalobos Salcedo and Deusilene Souza Vieira

Clade homogeneity and low rate of delta virus despite hyperendemicity of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) is hyperendemic and heterogeneous in its genetic diversity in Ethiopia, little is known about hepatitis D virus (HDV) circulating genotypes and molecular diversity.

Authors: Yeshambel Belyhun, Uwe Gerd Liebert and Melanie Maier

Non-polio enteroviruses in faeces of children diagnosed with acute flaccid paralysis in Nigeria

The need to investigate the contribution of non-polio enteroviruses to acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cannot be over emphasized as we move towards a poliovirus free world. Hence, we aim to identify non-polio en...

Authors: T. O. C. Faleye, M. O. Adewumi, M. O. Japhet, O. M. David, A. O. Oluyege, J. A. Adeniji and O. Famurewa

Recombinant expression of beak and feather disease virus capsid protein and assembly of virus-like particles in Nicotiana benthamiana

Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is an important disease causing agent affecting psittacines. BFDV is highly infectious and can present as acute, chronic or subclinical disease. The virus causes immunodef...

Authors: Guy L. Regnard, Edward P. Rybicki and Inga I. Hitzeroth

The effect of bovine BST2A1 on the release and cell-to-cell transmission of retroviruses

Human BST2 (hBST2, also called Tetherin) is a host restriction factor that blocks the release of various enveloped viruses. BST2s from different mammals also possess antiviral activity. Bovine BST2s (bBST2s), ...

Authors: Zhibin Liang, Yang Zhang, Jie Song, Hui Zhang, Suzhen Zhang, Yue Li, Juan Tan and Wentao Qiao

First isolation and genetic characterization of pseudocowpox virus from cattle in Japan

Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) infects cattle worldwide with zoonotic potential but has not been isolated in Japan. Thus, the epidemiological status of PCPV infection in cattle is undetermined.

Authors: Akifumi Ohtani, Akihiro Yokoyama, Hisato Narushige and Yasuo Inoshima

The porcine virome and xenotransplantation

The composition of the porcine virome includes viruses that infect pig cells, ancient virus-derived elements including endogenous retroviruses inserted in the pig chromosomes, and bacteriophages that infect a ...

Authors: Joachim Denner

Isolation and characterization of the fall Chinook aquareovirus

Salmon are paramount to the economy, ecology, and history of the Pacific Northwest. Viruses constitute one of the major threats to salmon health and well-being, with more than twenty known virus species that i...

Authors: Negar Makhsous, Nicole L. Jensen, Katherine H. Haman, William N. Batts, Keith R. Jerome, James R. Winton and Alexander L. Greninger

Detection and epidemic dynamic of ToCV and CCYV with Bemisia tabaci and weed in Hainan of China

In recent years, two of the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) and Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) have gained increasing attention due to their rapid spread and devastating impacts on vegetable pr...

Authors: Xin Tang, Xiaobin Shi, Deyong Zhang, Fan Li, Fei Yan, Youjun Zhang, Yong Liu and Xuguo Zhou

Effective usage of cationic derivatives of polyprenols as carriers of DNA vaccines against influenza virus

Cationic derivatives of polyprenols (trimethylpolyprenylammonium iodides – PTAI) with variable chain length between 6 and 15 isoprene units prepared from naturally occurring poly-cis-prenols were tested as DNA va...

Authors: Anna Stachyra, Monika Rak, Patrycja Redkiewicz, Zbigniew Madeja, Katarzyna Gawarecka, Tadeusz Chojnacki, Ewa Świeżewska, Marek Masnyk, Marek Chmielewski, Agnieszka Sirko and Anna Góra-Sochacka

Prevalence of human pegivirus-1 and sequence variability of its E2 glycoprotein estimated from screening donors of fetal stem cell-containing material

Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1) is a member of the Flaviviridae family whose genomic organization and mode of cellular entry is similar to that of hepatitis C virus (HCV). The E2 glycoprotein of HPgV-1 is the principl...

Authors: Yakov Vitrenko, Iryna Kostenko, Kateryna Kulebyakina and Khrystyna Sorochynska

Duck enteritis virus (DEV) UL54 protein, a novel partner, interacts with DEV UL24 protein

UL24 is a multifunctional protein that is conserved among alphaherpesviruses and is believed to play an important role in viral infection and replication.

Authors: Xinghong Gao, Renyong Jia, Mingshu Wang, Qiao Yang, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Zhongqiong Yin and Anchun Cheng

The genetic structure of Turnip mosaic virus population reveals the rapid expansion of a new emergent lineage in China

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is one of the most widespread and economically important virus infecting both crop and ornamental species of the family Brassicaceae. TuMV isolates can be cl...

Authors: Xiangdong Li, Tiansheng Zhu, Xiao Yin, Chengling Zhang, Jia Chen, Yanping Tian and Jinliang Liu

Real-life prevalence of resistance-associated variants against non-structural protein 5A inhibitors and efficiency of Daclatasvir + Asunaprevir therapy in Korean patients with genotype 1b hepatitis C

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treatment are tolerable and highly effective in a shorter period of time than before. However, resistance-associated variants (RAVs) can affect the...

Authors: Jung Hwan Yu, Jung Il Lee, Kwan Sik Lee and Ja Kyung Kim

Membrane-anchored CCL20 augments HIV Env-specific mucosal immune responses

Induction of broad immune responses at mucosal site remains a primary goal for most vaccines against mucosal pathogens. Abundance of evidence indicates that the co-delivery of mucosal adjuvants, including cyto...

Authors: Xianliang Sun, Han Zhang, Shuiling Xu, Lili Shi, Jingjian Dong, Dandan Gao, Yan Chen and Hao Feng

Rapid evolution of the PB1-F2 virulence protein expressed by human seasonal H3N2 influenza viruses reduces inflammatory responses to infection

Influenza A virus (IAV) PB1-F2 protein has been linked to viral virulence. Strains of the H3N2 subtype historically express full-length PB1-F2 proteins but during the 2010–2011 influenza seasons, nearly half o...

Authors: Julie McAuley, Yi-Mo Deng, Brad Gilbertson, Charley Mackenzie-Kludas, Ian Barr and Lorena Brown

New insights into HCV replication in original cells from Aedes mosquitoes

The existing literature about HCV association with, and replication in mosquitoes is extremely poor. To fill this gap, we performed cellular investigations aimed at exploring (i) the capacity of HCV E1E2 glyco...

Authors: Catherine Fallecker, Alban Caporossi, Yassine Rechoum, Frederic Garzoni, Sylvie Larrat, Olivier François, Pascal Fender, Patrice Morand, Imre Berger, Marie-Anne Petit and Emmanuel Drouet

Prevalence of hepatitis-C virus genotypes and potential transmission risks in Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and frequently progresses towards liver cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HCV gen...

Authors: Nausheen Nazir, Muhammad Rasul Jan, Amjad Ali, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Idrees, Mohammad Nisar, Muhammad Zahoor and Naser M. Abd El-Salam

ORF1a of highly pathogenic PRRS attenuated vaccine virus plays a key role in neutralizing antibody induction in piglets and virus neutralization in vitro

Currently, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important viral pathogens in swine in most countries, especially China. Two PRRSV attenuated live vaccine ...

Authors: Chaoliang Leng, Wuchao Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Yunchao Kan, Lunguang Yao, Hongyue Zhai, Mingliang Li, Zhen Li, Chunxiao Liu, Tongqing An, Jinmei Peng, Qian Wang, Yumin Leng, Xuehui Cai, Zhijun Tian and Guangzhi Tong

Small-size recombinant adenoviral hexon protein fragments for the production of virus-type specific antibodies

Adenoviruses are common pathogens infecting animals and humans. They are classified based on serology, or genome sequence information. These methods have limitations due to lengthy procedures or lack of infect...

Authors: Martin Pacesa, Rodinde Hendrickx, Manuela Bieri, Justin W. Flatt, Urs F. Greber and Silvio Hemmi

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) entry is inhibited by serine protease inhibitor AEBSF when present during an early stage of infection

Host proteases have been shown to play important roles in many viral activities such as entry, uncoating, viral protein production and disease induction. Therefore, these cellular proteases are putative target...

Authors: Winke Van der Gucht, Annelies Leemans, Marjorie De Schryver, Annick Heykers, Guy Caljon, Louis Maes, Paul Cos and Peter L. Delputte

Detection and genetic characterization of canine astroviruses in pet dogs in Guangxi, China

Astroviruses (AstVs) have been reported to infect and cause gastroenteritis in most animal species. Human AstVs were regarded the causative agent of viral diarrhea in children. In dogs, little is known about t...

Authors: Huabo Zhou, Lin Liu, Ruikai Li, Yifeng Qin, Qingli Fang, Vinod RMT Balasubramaniam, Guojun Wang, Zuzhang Wei, Kang Ouyang, Weijian Huang and Ying Chen

A novel method for transmitting southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus to rice without insect vector

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) has spread from the south of China to the north of Vietnam in the past few years, and has severely influenced rice production. However, previous study of tradi...

Authors: Lu Yu, Jing Shi, Lianlian Cao, Guoping Zhang, Wenli Wang, Deyu Hu and Baoan Song

An equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vector expressing Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) Gn and Gc induces neutralizing antibodies in sheep

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an arthropod-borne bunyavirus that can cause serious and fatal disease in humans and animals. RVFV is a negative-sense RNA virus of the Phlebovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae fami...

Authors: Abdelrahman Said, Mona Elmanzalawy, Guanggang Ma, Armando Mario Damiani and Nikolaus Osterrieder

Transcriptomic profile of tobacco in response to Tomato zonate spot orthotospovirus infection

Tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV), a dominant species of thrips-transmitted orthotospoviruses in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces in China, causes significant loss of yield in lots of crops ...

Authors: Changjun Huang, Yupeng Cun, Haiqin Yu, Zhijun Tong, Bingguang Xiao, Zhongbang Song, Bingwu Wang, Yongping Li and Yong Liu

Quantitative detection of human Malawi polyomavirus in nasopharyngeal aspirates, sera, and feces in Beijing, China, using real-time TaqMan-based PCR

Human Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) was discovered in 2012, but its prevalence and clinical characteristics are largely unknown.

Authors: Fen-lian Ma, Dan-di Li, Tian-li Wei, Jin-song Li and Li-shu Zheng

The impact of p53 on the early stage replication of retrovirus

The function of p53 in cancer biology has been studied extensively, but its role in anti-retrovirus infection has been elusive for many years. The restriction of retrovirus early stage replication by p53 was i...

Authors: Michaela Kinnetz, Faris Alghamdi, Michael Racz, Wenwei Hu and Binshan Shi

Co-infection of two reoviruses increases both viruses accumulation in rice by up-regulating of viroplasm components and movement proteins bilaterally and RNA silencing suppressor unilaterally

Synergism between southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) and rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) not only aggravates disease symptoms but also enhances their vector acquisition efficiencies by increasing...

Authors: Shu Li, Tong Zhang, Yingzhi Zhu and Guohui Zhou

A novel bladder cancer - specific oncolytic adenovirus by CD46 and its effect combined with cisplatin against cancer cells of CAR negative expression

Conditionally replicative oncolytic adenoviruses (CRAds) display significant anti-tumor effects. However, the traditional adenovirus of serotype 5 (Ad5) entering cancer cells via coxsackie virus and adenovirus...

Authors: Wenjuan Cao, Junqiang Tian, Chong Li, Yanjun Gao, Xingchen Liu, Jianzhong Lu, Yuhan Wang, Zhiping Wang, Robert S. Svatek and Ronald Rodriguez

Association of the tandem polymorphisms (rs148314165, rs200820567) in TNFAIP3 with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Chinese Han population

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains an important public health issue. A20, a ubiquitin-editing protein encoded by tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 3 (TNFAIP3) gene, is complicated in HB...

Authors: Na Li, Ying Shi, Pingping Zhang, Jiao Sang, Fang Li, Huan Deng, Yi Lv, Qunying Han and Zhengwen Liu

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever among the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedaries) in Central Sudan

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonotic disease caused by Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the genus Nairovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. CCHF is typicall...

Authors: Hajer M. Suliman, Ibrahim A. Adam, Shamseldin I. Saeed, Sanaa A. Abdelaziz, Eltahir M. Haroun and Imadeldin E. Aradaib

Occurrence of a novel mastrevirus in sugarcane germplasm collections in Florida, Guadeloupe and Réunion

In Africa and Asia, sugarcane is the host of at least seven different virus species in the genus Mastrevirus of the family Geminiviridae. However, with the exception of Sugarcane white streak virus in Barbados, n...

Authors: Wardatou Boukari, Ricardo I. Alcalá-Briseño, Simona Kraberger, Emmanuel Fernandez, Denis Filloux, Jean-Heinrich Daugrois, Jack C. Comstock, Jean-Michel Lett, Darren P. Martin, Arvind Varsani, Philippe Roumagnac, Jane E. Polston and Philippe C. Rott

3-(2-Chloropropyl amide)-4-methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide inhibits expression of HPV oncogenes in human cervical cancer cell

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the primary causative agents for cervical cancer, and HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are known to be the main reason for the onset and maintenance of the malignancies. Therefore, ...

Authors: Fang Han, Yanping Li, Qiaoni Lu, Linlin Ma, Huiqiang Wang, Jiandong Jiang, Zhuorong Li and Yuhuan Li

Erratum to: prevalence of anelloviruses (TTV, TTMDV, and TTMV) in healthy blood donors and in patients infected with HBV or HCV in Qatar

Authors: Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani, Enas S. Alabsi, Raed AbuOdeh, Lukman Thalib, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty and Gheyath K. Nasrallah