Table 1 Compounds that reduce rotavirus infectivity without cytotoxicity
Manufacturer's ID Number | Chemical Name | FW | Chemical Family | Known Functions (Select references) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Group A | ||||
TNP00130 | 18-β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid | 470.68 | Triterpene | -Antiviral activity against a number of DNA and RNA viruses [25] -Inhibits gap junction communication |
TNP00088 | Abietic Acid | 302.45 | Diterpene | -Inhibits acute inflammation after topical or oral administration [26] -Reduces neutrophil infiltration [26] -Reduces COX-2 and TNF-α expression [16] -Activates PPAR-γ in macrophages [16] |
TNP00194 | All-trans-Retinoic Acid | 300.44 | Retinoid | -Increases expression of type I interferon receptors [27] |
TNP00140 | α-Mangostin | 410.46 | Xanthone | -Used in treatment of skin infections, wounds and diarrhea in Southeast Asia [15] -γ-Mangostin inhibits NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression [15] -α-Mangostin preferentially inhibits growth of HL60 cells [28] -Induces caspase-9 and -3 activation in HL60 cells [28] |
Group B | ||||
TNP00307 | Kinetin-9-Riboside | 347.33 | Phytohormone | -Cytokinin -Antiviral activity against Tobacco Mosaic Virus [29] -Causes a decrease in (poly rI) (poly rC) stimulated interferon response in VSV challenged mice [30] -Reverses the effect of endotoxin-enhanced host resistance [31] |
TNP00064 | 7,3'-Dihydroxyflavone | 254.24 | Flavone | |
TNP00050 | 6,7-Dimethoxyflavone | 282.29 | Flavone | |
TNP00044 | 8-Hydroxy-7-Methoxyflavone | 268.27 | Flavone | |
TNP00151 | Genistein | 270.24 | Isoflavone | -Tyrosine kinase inhibitor [32] -Down-regulates iNOS [33] -Inhibits NF-κB activation [33] -Inhibits COX-2 induction [33] -Inhibits LPS induced IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production in monocytes |
TNP00227 | Capsaicin | 305.42 | Phenylalkyl-Amine Alkaloid | -Inhibits NF-κB activation [34] -Activates transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) [35] |
TNP00256 | Securinine | 217.26 | Pseudoalkaloid | -GABA receptor antagonist -Antibacterial activity against E. coli, Staph. aureus and Myc. smegmatis [36] -Antimalarial activity [37] |
TNP00231 | Isopimaric Acid | 302.46 | Diterpene | -Inhibitory activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus [38] -activates large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel α-subunit [39] |
TNP00292 | Parthenolide | 248.32 | Sesquiterpene Lactone | -inhibits NFκB activation by preventing induction of IκB kinase [40] |
TNP00006 | Unknown | 358.48 | ||
TNP00014 | Unknown | 388.50 |