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Table 3 Risk factors for severity of Patients with COVID-19 at admission

From: Vitamin D status in hospitalized COVID‑19 patients is associated with disease severity and IL-5 production

Variables

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

OR (95%CI)

P-value

OR (95%CI)

P-value

Age (years)

1.024 (1.001–1.048)

0.044

1.035 (1.056–1.014)

0.001

Male

1.714 (0.967–3.037)

0.065

1.970 (3.178–1.222)

0.005

Comorbidity

    

Diabetes, n (%)

0.759 (0.379–1.519)

0.436

0.708 (1.203–0.417)

0.202

Hypertension, n (%)

0.598 (0.339–1.055)

0.076

0.541 (0.884 − 0.331)

0.014

Coronary Heart Disease n (%)

0.730 (0.384–1.387)

0.336

0.945 (1.629–0.549)

0.839

Laboratory findings

    

Serum 25(OH)D level (ng/mL)

0.986 (0.973–0.998)

0.024

0.987 (0.998 − 0.977)

0.022

Neutrophils, E + 09/L

1.024(0.941–1.114)

0.582

  

Lymphocytes, E + 09/L

0.984 (0.837–1.154)

0.830

  

Eosinophil, E + 09/L

0.005 (2.024E-5-1.081)

0.053

  

CRP, mg/L

1.004 (1.000-1.009)

0.057

  

D-dimer, µg/mL

1.024 (0.976–1.076)

0.333

  

Ferritin, ng/mL

1 (0.999–1.001)

0.53

  

Uric acid, µmol/L

1.001 (0.998–1.003)

0.597

  

LDH, U/L

1.005 (1.002–1.007)

0.000

  

Glucose, mmol/L

0.975 (0.893–1.065)

0.574

  

IL-5, pg/mL

1.239 (1.104–1.391)

0.000

1.207 (1.327–1.098)

0.000

IL-6, pg/mL

0.999 (0.988–1.010)

0.999

  

IL-10, pg/mL

1.011 (0.945–1.083)

0.743

  

CD4+T

1 (0.998–1.002)

0.881

  

CD8+T

0.998 (0.996-1)

0.039

0.997 (0.998 − 0.995)

0.000

B cells count

1 (0.997–1.003)

0.852

  
  1. Abbreviations: LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase. CI, 95% confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein.
  2. Model is adjusted for age, sex, IL-5, CD8 + T cells and comorbidities. Data are presented as frequencies (%) and odds ratio (95% CI). OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. P < 0.05 values are bolded.