Table 1 Characteristics of the COVID-19 positive cohort taking NSAIDs and the control cohort, before and after propensity matching
From: NSAID use and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a 38-center retrospective cohort study
| Â | Treated | Before propensity matching | After propensity matching | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | SMD | Control | SMD | ||
Age (years) | 47.4 | 53.7 | − 0.33 | 47.1 | 0.01 |
Race | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Asian | 3.1% | 3.7% | − 0.03 | 3.1% | 0.00 |
 Black or African American | 21.6% | 20.9% | 0.02 | 22.3% | − 0.02 |
 Missing/unknown | 25.1% | 23.3% | 0.04 | 24.8% | 0.01 |
 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0.2% | 0.3% | − 0.01 | 0.2% | 0.00 |
 Other | 0.9% | 0.9% | − 0.01 | 0.8% | 0.01 |
 White | 49.1% | 50.9% | − 0.04 | 48.9% | 0.00 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hispanic or Latino | 24.8% | 22.0% | 0.06 | 23.8% | 0.02 |
 Missing/unknown | 5.4% | 8.4% | − 0.13 | 5.4% | 0.00 |
 Not Hispanic or Latino | 69.8% | 69.6% | 0.00 | 70.8% | − 0.02 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 59.7% | 50.1% | 0.20 | 59.1% | 0.01 |
 Male | 40.3% | 49.8% | − 0.20 | 40.9% | − 0.01 |
 Other | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.01 | 0.0% | 0.00 |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Current or former | 39.8% | 29.9% | 0.20 | 36.7% | 0.06 |
 Non smoker | 60.2% | 70.1% | − 0.20 | 63.3% | − 0.06 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 31.3 | 29.7 | 0.18 | 31.0 | 0.03 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index (mean score) | 0.98 | 1.43 | − 0.23 | 0.96 | 0.01 |
Alcoholic liver damage | 0.6% | 1.0% | − 0.05 | 0.6% | 0.00 |
Chronic hepatitis | 1.0% | 1.1% | − 0.01 | 0.9% | 0.01 |
Diabetes type 2 | 16.7% | 18.0% | − 0.03 | 16.1% | 0.02 |
Hepatic failure | 0.5% | 1.2% | − 0.11 | 0.5% | 0.00 |
Hypertension | 30.8% | 31.3% | − 0.01 | 29.9% | 0.02 |
Ischemic heart disease | 4.9% | 7.0% | − 0.10 | 4.9% | 0.00 |
Lupus | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.02 | 0.7% | 0.00 |
Malignant neoplasm (lymphoid hematopoietic related tissue) | 2.0% | 2.0% | 0.00 | 2.0% | 0.00 |
Neoplasm | 19.4% | 17.2% | 0.06 | 19.2% | 0.00 |
Nonischemic heart disease | 20.5% | 24.4% | − 0.10 | 20.4% | 0.00 |
Vascular dementia | 0.4% | 0.8% | − 0.07 | 0.3% | 0.00 |
Alzheimer's disease | 0.4% | 1.0% | − 0.09 | 0.4% | 0.01 |
Cerebral infarction | 1.7% | 2.9% | − 0.10 | 1.6% | 0.01 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 13.1% | 13.2% | 0.00 | 12.8% | 0.01 |
Dementia associated with another disease | 1.0% | 1.5% | − 0.05 | 0.9% | 0.01 |
Diabetes type 1 | 1.4% | 1.5% | − 0.01 | 1.4% | 0.00 |
Hepatic fibrosis | 1.2% | 2.2% | − 0.09 | 1.2% | 0.00 |
Hepatic steatosis | 4.3% | 3.2% | 0.06 | 4.0% | 0.02 |
Hypertensive kidney disease | 3.1% | 6.3% | − 0.19 | 3.1% | 0.00 |
Nicotine dependence | 9.8% | 8.9% | 0.03 | 9.6% | 0.01 |
Nonhypertensive chronic kidney disease | 5.5% | 11.2% | − 0.25 | 5.4% | 0.00 |
Other liver disease | 5.2% | 5.4% | − 0.01 | 4.8% | 0.02 |
Portal hypertension | 0.5% | 1.2% | − 0.10 | 0.5% | 0.00 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 1.9% | 1.3% | 0.04 | 1.8% | 0.01 |
Unspecified dementia | 1.2% | 2.7% | − 0.14 | 1.1% | 0.01 |
Psoriasis | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.01 | 0.9% | 0.00 |