Table 3 Notes on liver injury
From: Liver injury in COVID-19: clinical features and treatment management
Author | Patient | Abnormal liver biochemical indexes | Liver injury note | Time trend of liver enzyme elevation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Huang [10] | 41 | ALT: 32.0 (21.0–50.0) U/L AST: 34.0 (26.0–48.0) U/L TBIL: 11.7 (9.5–13.9) μmol/L | There were significant differences in liver biochemical indexes between severe patients and mild patients (all P < 0.05) | Not mentioned |
Chen [9] | 99 | ALT: 39.0 (22.0–53.0) U/L AST: 34.0 (26.0–48.0) U/L TBIL: 15.1 (7.3) μmol/L | Most patients had mild liver dysfunction | Liver enzymes increased slightly |
Zhang [6] | 115 | ALT: 25.71 (9–50) U/L AST: 28.30 (15–40) U/L TBIL: 11.31 (5–21) μmol/L | Slight abnormality of liver function; There were significant differences in liver biochemical indexes between severe patients and mild patients (all P < 0.05) | The changes of ALT, AST and TBIL in ICU patients were not significant with time (P > 0.05) |
Bloom [5] | 60 | ALT: 39 (15.0–63.0) U/L AST: 55 (18–92) U/L TBIL: 0.9 ± 2.2 μmol/L | It has been proved that patients with severe COVID-19 have higher biochemical levels of liver | ALT and AST showed the same trend With the extension of time, there was a slight increase, which reached the peak on the ninth day, and then decreased slowly, and the increase was not more than 40 U/L |
Wang [30] | 138 | ALT: 24 (16–40) U/L AST: 31 (24–51) U/L TBIL: 9.8 (8.4–14.1) μmol/L | The levels of ALT and AST in ICU patients were significantly higher than those not in ICU patients | Not mentioned |
Cardoso [31] | 20 (critically ill patients) | Not mentioned | Liver injury is common, but usually transient and not severe. However, cholestasis is obvious | ALT and AST only increased slightly(10d in ICU), and the highest < 2 × ULN GGT increased more and more obviously, reaching 3 × ULN |
Cai [3] | 417 | ALT: 21 (15–31) U/L AST: 26.5 (21–35) U/L TBIL: 10.9 (8.3–16.3) μmol/L | AST, ALT and GGT were higher in severe patients | The increase of ALT and GGT was common, but the frequency of AST and TBIL was slightly lower |
Xu [8] | 25 (death) | ALT: 24 (16.5–46) U/L AST: 37 (29.5–57.5) U/L | Slight abnormality of liver function | Not mentioned |
Wang [32] | 105 | ALT: 23.5 (14.0–36.0) U/L (N = 105) AST: 24.2 (19.7, 34.8) U/L (N = 50) TBIL: 10.2 (7.4, 12.9) μmol/L (N = 50) | Severe COVID-19 patients are more likely to have liver dysfunction | During the treatment, most of the patients only had mild or isolated elevation, and most of them were normal after discharge |