MMPphg from the thermophilic Meiothermus bacteriophage MMP17 as a potential antimicrobial agent against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria

Table 1 Antimicrobial activity of MMPphg on various Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. The significant log reduction units observed (≥ 1 log kill) are marked in bold

Strain	Antibiotic resistance ^a	Antimicrobial activity (Log₁₀ reduction) ^b
Escherichia coli
CMCC(B)44102	No	3.23 ± 0.15 ()*
Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC6538	No	1.31 ± 0.03 ()*
KMUST1606BL1486	Yes	1.04 ± 0.11 ()*
Salmonella ser. Enteritidis
CMCC(B)50335	No	1.08 ± 0.03 ()*
Salmonella ser. Typhi
CGMCC1.1190	No	0.92 ± 0.01
Salmonella ser. Paratyphi B
CMCC(B)50094	No	3.42 ± 0.15 ()*
Shigella dysenteriae
KMUSTDS8	Yes	0.96 ± 0.01
KMUSTDS6	Yes	1.01 ± 0.01 ()*
Klebsiella pneumoniae
13A14165	Yes	3.02 ± 0.01 ()*
13A14918	Yes	1.47 ± 0.03 ()*
13A15188	Yes	2.49 ± 0.07 ()*
13A15382	Yes	1.59 ± 0.03 ()*
1412SP0200	Yes	1.24 ± 0.02 ()*
1412SP0057	Yes	2.26 ± 0.10 ()*
13 V1837	Yes	0.97 ± 0.03
14 V0622	Yes	1.09 ± 0.02 ()*
1501SP0134	Yes	2.57 ± 0.07 ()*

^aDetailed antibiotic-resistant information for the relevant strains is shown in Additional file 4: Table S2; ^bValues represent mean ± standard deviation. For all tests, the antimicrobial activity was measured after incubating 10⁶ CFU/mL of the bacterial cells with 6 μM MMPphg at 37 °C for 1 h, and six independent replicates were run in each reaction. ***, P < 0.001 for MMPphg-treated cells versus PBS-treated controls

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