Table 5 Relation between demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with mono-viral infection and viral co-infection
Variables | Active viral infection (N = 84) No. (%) | Active mono-viral infection (N = 61) No. (%) | Active viral co-infection (N = 23) No. (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
 Male | 54 (64.3) | 34 (55.7) | 20 (86.9) | 0.007 |
 Female | 30 (35.7) | 27 (44.3) | 3 (13) |  |
Age (years) | ||||
  < 16 | 49(58.3) | 37 (60.7) | 12 (52.2) | 0.482 |
  ≥ 16 | 35 (41.7) | 24 (39.3) | 11 (47.8) |  |
Type of leukemia | ||||
 AML | 36 (42.9) | 25 (41) | 11 (47.8) | 0.572 |
 ALL | 48 (57.1) | 36 (59) | 12 (52.2) |  |
Status of disease | ||||
 Newly diagnosed | 9 (10.7) | 7 (11.5) | 2 (8.7) | 0.443 |
 Remission | 54 (64.3) | 41 (67.2) | 13 (56.5) |  |
 Refractory or relapse | 21 (25) | 13 (21.3) | 8 (34.8) |  |
Chemotherapy received | ||||
 Before chemotherapy | 9 (10.7) | 7 (11.5) | 2 (8.7) | 0.607 |
 Post-induction | 21 (25) | 13 (21.3) | 8 (34.8) |  |
 Post-remission | 28 (33.3) | 22 (36) | 6 (26.1) |  |
 Post-salvage | 26 (31) | 19 (31.1) | 7 (30.4) |  |
Clinical outcome | ||||
 Alive | 72 (85.7) | 55 (90.2) | 17 (74) | 0.058 |
 Dead | 12 (14.3) | 6 (9.8) | 6 (26) |  |
Fever | 56 (66.6) | 41 (67.2) | 15 (65.2) | 0.863 |
Severe neutropenia | 48 (57.2) | 32 (52.5) | 16 (69.5) | 0.158 |
Prolonged neutropenia | 38 (45.3) | 27 (44.3) | 11 (47.8) | 0.209 |
Severe lymphopenia | 45 (53.5) | 25 (41) | 20 (87) | < 0.001 |
Anemia | 28 (33.3) | 20 (32.8) | 8 (43.8) | 1.000 |
Thrombocytopenia | 29 (34.5) | 21 (34.4) | 8 (43.8)) | 0.986 |
Skin rash | 17 (20.2) | 8 (13.1) | 9 (39.1) | 0.04 |
Mucositis | 5 (6) | 3 (5) | 2 (8.7) | 0.514 |
Pneumonia | 17 (20) | 8 (13.1) | 9 (39) | 0.008 |
Gastroenteritis | 10 (11.9) | 7 (11.5) | 3 (13) | 0.843 |
Hepatitis | 12 (14.3) | 7 (11.5) | 5 (21.7) | 0.231 |
Conjunctivitis | 2 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (8.7) | – |
CNS disorders | 7 (8.3) | 3 (5) | 4 (17.4) | 0.065 |
Other infection | ||||
BSI | 16 (19) | 6 (9.8) | 10 (43.5) | < 0.001 |
IFI | 14 (16.6) | 7 (11.5) | 7 (30.4) | 0.038 |