Fig. 1

Determination of vvIBDV infection in DT40 cells. a Representative IFA staining of vvIBDV-infected cells exhibiting VP3 protein expression. DT40 cells infected for 24 h were fixed and analyzed by immunofluorescence staining with a guinea pig anti-VP3 polyclonal antibody. Partial enlargement is shown. Bars, 60 μm. b Whole-cell lysates prepared from cells infected with vvIBDV for 12 and 24 h were assayed by Western blotting for the presence of the VP3 protein. β-actin was used as a loading control. c Electron micrographs of vvIBDV-infected DT40 cells at 24 hpi. In the cytoplasm of the infected cells, approximately 60-nm viral particles were observed in crystalline arrays. Partial enlargement is shown. Bars, 2 000 nm