Figure 3

Specific humoral response in deer following vaccination. Specific humoral response in deer following vaccination. The deers were immunized subcutaneously with an aqueous extract of transgenic ginseng hairy roots (group 1), an aqueous extract of untransformed ginseng hairy roots (group 2), inactivated BVDV vaccine (group 3), inactivated BVDV vaccine and untransformed ginseng hairy roots extract (group 4), and saline (group 5). Serum samples used to assess the presence of BVDV specific antibody were collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 after primary immunization and detected at 490 nm. The OD values increased with time after immunization in all vaccinated groups, except in the control groups (groups 2 and 5). The result reveals that the transgenic plant vaccine (group 1) could produce a specific humoral immune response in deer. ^a–b The difference between the negative control (group 5) and other groups is significant (P < 0.05).