Table 1 Overview HPV internalization studies
From: Mechanisms of cell entry by human papillomaviruses: an overview
HPV type | Methods | Pathway | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
HPV16 | siRNA-mediated down regulation of clathrin heavy chain/caveolin-1/dynamin/tetraspanins dominant negative mutants of EPS15/caveolin-1/dynamin biochemical inhibitors caveolae-deficient cells | clathrin- and caveolae-independent dynamin-independent lipid raft independent involvement of tetraspanins | [58] |
HPV16 HPV31 | biochemical inhibitors | clathrin-dependent | [66] |
HPV16 HPV31 | dominant negative mutant of EPS15/caveolin-1/dynamin-2 biochemical inhibitors co-localization studies of HPV16 and HPV31 association study of HPV31 with detergent resistant microdomains | HPV16 clathrin-dependent HPV31 caveolae-dependent | [65] |
HPV16 | co-localization with BPV-L1 VLPs | clathrin-dependent | [63] |
HPV16 HPV31 HPV58 | biochemical inhibitors microscopic analysis | HPV16/58 clathrin-dependent HPV31 caveolae-dependent | [64] |
HPV33 | biochemical inhibitors | non-caveolae dependent HPV33 uptake | [59] |