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  2. There is widespread interest in the use of innate immune modulators as a defense strategy against infectious pathogens. Using rotavirus as a model system, we developed a cell-based, moderate-throughput screeni...

    Authors: Mark E Shaneyfelt, Anna D Burke, Joel W Graff, Mark A Jutila and Michele E Hardy

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:68

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  3. The performance of polyclonal monospecific rabbit anti-sera raised against synthetic peptides derived from conserved HCV sequences of genotype 4 was evaluated for efficient detection of viral core and E1 antig...

    Authors: Mostafa K El Awady, Yasmine S El Abd, Hussein A Shoeb, Ashraf A Tabll, AlaaElDin MS Hosny, Reem M El Shenawy, Khaled Atef, Noha G Bader El Din and Mahmoud M Bahgat

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:67

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  4. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes several proteins that interfere with the host cell antiviral response. Previously, the serine protease NS3/4A was shown to inhibit IFN-β gene expression by blocking dsRNA-activa...

    Authors: Pasi Kaukinen, Maarit Sillanpää, Sergei Kotenko, Rongtuan Lin, John Hiscott, Krister Melén and Ilkka Julkunen

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:66

    Content type: Research

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  5. Emergence of viral variants that escape CTL control is a major hurdle in HIV vaccination unless such variants affect gene regions that are essential for virus replication. Vaccine-induced multispecific CTL cou...

    Authors: Pascale Villefroy, Franck Letourneur, Zoe Coutsinos, Lorenzo Mortara, Christian Beyer, Helene Gras-Masse, Jean-Gerard Guillet and Isabelle Bourgault-Villada

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:65

    Content type: Research

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  7. Plaque assays in cell culture monolayers under solid or semisolid overlay media are commonly used for quantification of viruses and antiviral substances. To overcome the pitfalls of known overlays, we tested s...

    Authors: Mikhail Matrosovich, Tatyana Matrosovich, Wolfgang Garten and Hans-Dieter Klenk

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:63

    Content type: Methodology

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  8. It was reported that elevation of the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) by a calcium ionophore increased the release of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Freely diffusible hydrogen peroxide (H

    Authors: Emiko Arimoto, Soichi Iwai, Tetsuro Sumi, Yuzo Ogawa and Yoshiaki Yura

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:62

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  9. Guards of Cyprian honey bee colonies, Apis mellifera cypria, display a great defensive behaviour against hornets' attacks. The deformed wing virus (DWV) and the kakugo virus (KV) genomes are very similar, but unl...

    Authors: Agnès Rortais, Diana Tentcheva, Alexandros Papachristoforou, Laurent Gauthier, Gérard Arnold, Marc Edouard Colin and Max Bergoin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:61

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  11. The amino terminal half of the cellular prion protein PrPc is implicated in both the binding of copper ions and the conformational changes that lead to disease but has no defined structure. However, as some struc...

    Authors: Snezana Vasiljevic, Junyuan Ren, YongXiu Yao, Kevin Dalton, Catherine S Adamson and Ian M Jones

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:59

    Content type: Research

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  12. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Influenza A virus is a determinant of viral pathogenicity and host range that is responsible for transcribing and replicating the negative sense segmented viral genome (vRNA...

    Authors: Rosa M Dalton, Anne E Mullin, Maria Joao Amorim, Elizabeth Medcalf, Laurence S Tiley and Paul Digard

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:58

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  13. Characterization of the structural morphology of virus particles in electron micrographs is a complex task, but desirable in connection with investigation of the maturation process and detection of changes in ...

    Authors: Martin Ryner, Jan-Olov Strömberg, Cecilia Söderberg-Nauclér and Mohammed Homman-Loudiyi

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:57

    Content type: Methodology

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  15. Dengue virus infection has recently taken endemic proportion in India implicating all the four known dengue serotypes. There was a major dengue outbreak in northern India including Delhi in October- December, ...

    Authors: Paban Kumar Dash, Man Mohan Parida, Parag Saxena, Ajay Abhyankar, CP Singh, KN Tewari, Asha Mukul Jana, K Sekhar and PV Lakshmana Rao

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:55

    Content type: Research

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  18. Some individuals repeatedly exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus do not seroconvert and are resistant to HIV infection. Here, in a pediatric cohort of HIV seronegative infants born of HIV-infected mothers, ...

    Authors: Vázquez Pérez JA, Basualdo Sigales MC, Reyes-Terán G, Gudiño Rosales JC and Soler Claudín C

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:52

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  19. In the molecular world, researchers act as detectives working hard to unravel the mysteries surrounding cells. One of the researchers' greatest tools in this endeavor has been Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectro...

    Authors: Phelps J Lambert, Audy G Whitman, Ossie F Dyson and Shaw M Akula

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:51

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  20. There has been a recent resurgent interest in bacteriophage biology. Research was initiated to examine Campylobacter jejuni-specific bacteriophage in the Russian Federation to develop alternative control measures...

    Authors: EL Zhilenkov, VM Popova, DV Popov, LY Zavalsky, EA Svetoch, NJ Stern and BS Seal

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:50

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  21. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, slowly progressive neurological disorder caused by the persistent infection with measles virus (MV). Despite much research into SSPE, its pathology remains...

    Authors: M Kühne Simmonds, DWG Brown and L Jin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:49

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  22. The abundance and the conservation of the repeated element (rep) genes in Ichnoviruses genomes suggest that this gene family plays an important role in viral cycles. In the Ichnovirus associated with the wasp Hyp...

    Authors: L Galibert, G Devauchelle, F Cousserans, J Rocher, P Cérutti, M Barat-Houari, P Fournier and AN Volkoff

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:48

    Content type: Research

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  23. Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus isolated from an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998. The virus causes infections in humans, pigs, and several other domestic animals. It has also been isolated from fruit bats. The pa...

    Authors: Li-Yen Chang, AR Mohd Ali, Sharifah Syed Hassan and Sazaly AbuBakar

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:47

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  24. A review of Pap smear diagnoses from a reference laboratory in Grand Forks, North Dakota over a 3-year period (07/00 to 10/03) revealed a two-fold higher rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in a...

    Authors: Lata Balakrishnan, Ryan Clauson, Timothy Weiland, Michelle Bianco and Barry Milavetz

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:46

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  25. Recent studies have shown that gamma interferon (IFN-γ) synergizes with IFN-α/β to inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication in vitro. Since IFN response represents an early host defense event again...

    Authors: Erina Petrera and Celia E Coto

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:45

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  26. The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ICP0 protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is encoded within the HSV-1 latency-associated locus. When ICP0 is not synthesized, the HSV-1 genome is acutely susceptible...

    Authors: William P Halford, Carla Weisend, Jennifer Grace, Mark Soboleski, Daniel JJ Carr, John W Balliet, Yumi Imai, Todd P Margolis and Bryan M Gebhardt

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:44

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  27. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with lymphoid malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and can transform human B cells in vitro. EBV-harboring cell lines are widely used to investigate lymph...

    Authors: Michele Bernasconi, Christoph Berger, Jürg A Sigrist, Athos Bonanomi, Jens Sobek, Felix K Niggli and David Nadal

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:43

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  29. Lassa virus glycoprotein is synthesised as a precursor (preGP-C) into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. After cotranslational cleavage of the signal peptide, the immature GP-C is posttranslationally proc...

    Authors: Robert Eichler, Oliver Lenz, Wolfgang Garten and Thomas Strecker

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:41

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  30. To effectively analyze the requirements for protection to rotavirus infection, a reliable animal model that reasonably mimics infection and disease in humans is needed. A requirement for an effective animal mo...

    Authors: Larry E Westerman, Baoming Jiang, Harold M McClure, Lauren J Snipes-Magaldi, Dixie D Griffin, Gary Shin, Jon R Gentsch and Roger I Glass

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:40

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  33. Many model systems of human viral disease involve human-mouse chimeric tissue. One such system is the recently developed SCID-beige/Alb-uPA mouse model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which involves a hum...

    Authors: Kathie-Anne Walters, Michael A Joyce, Jill C Thompson, Sean Proll, James Wallace, Maria W Smith, Jeff Furlong, D Lorne Tyrrell and Michael G Katze

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:37

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  35. In recent years it was reported that the accumulation of point mutations in VP4 and VP7 genes of rotavirus strains was the main cause of the failure of the G or P-typing. Failures in the correct genotyping of G1,...

    Authors: Gabriel I Parra and Emilio E Espinola

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:35

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  36. The mature F protein of all known isolates of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) contains fifteen absolutely conserved cysteine (C) residues that are highly conserved among the F proteins of other pneumo...

    Authors: Nicole D Day, Patrick J Branigan, Changbao Liu, Lester L Gutshall, Jianquan Luo, José A Melero, Robert T Sarisky and Alfred M Del Vecchio

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:34

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  38. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the major cause of bronchiolitis in infants and is a risk factor for the development of asthma. Allergic asthmatics are more susceptible to RSV infection and vira...

    Authors: Rajeswari Singam, Prasanna K Jena, Sumita Behera, Gary R Hellermann, Richard F Lockey, Dennis Ledford and Shyam S Mohapatra

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:32

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  40. Bacteriophages are an important repository of genetic diversity. As one of the major constituents of terrestrial biomass, they exert profound effects on the earth's ecology and microbial evolution by mediating...

    Authors: James M Nolan, Vasiliy Petrov, Claire Bertrand, Henry M Krisch and Jim D Karam

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:30

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  41. Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV-2) attachment and internalization is thought to be mediated by host cell membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Lack of HSPG on the apical membrane of resp...

    Authors: Michael P Boyle, Raymond A Enke, Jeffrey B Reynolds, Peter J Mogayzel Jr, William B Guggino and Pamela L Zeitlin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:29

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  42. Many viral pathogens are poorly characterized, are difficult to culture or reagents are lacking for confirmatory diagnoses. We have developed and tested a robust assay for detecting and characterizing large DN...

    Authors: Larry A Hanson, Mary R Rudis, Marcia Vasquez-Lee and Roy D Montgomery

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:28

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  43. Self-inactivating retroviral vectors (SIN) are often associated with very low titers. Promoter elements embedded within SIN designs may suppress transcription of packageable retroviral RNA which in turn result...

    Authors: Diana E Jaalouk, Milena Crosato, Pnina Brodt and Jacques Galipeau

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:27

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  44. A model has been presented for retrograde transport of certain toxins and viruses from the cell surface to the ER that suggests an obligatory interaction with a glycolipid receptor at the cell surface. Here we...

    Authors: Robert A Spooner, Daniel C Smith, Andrew J Easton, Lynne M Roberts and Michael J Lord

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:26

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  45. Primary HIV infection can develop from exposure to HIV in the oral cavity. In previous studies, we have documented rapid and extensive binding of HIV virions in seminal plasma to intact mucosal surfaces of the...

    Authors: Renu B Kumar, Diane M Maher, Mark C Herzberg and Peter J Southern

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:25

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  47. The study aimed at developing a real-time quantitative PCR assay to monitor HBV serum virus load of chronic carriers enrolled in therapeutic trials.

    Authors: Maimuna E Mendy, Steve Kaye, Marianne van der Sande, Pura Rayco-Solon, Pauline A Waight, Deborah Shipton, Dorka Awi, Paul Snell, Hilton Whittle and Samuel J McConkey

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:23

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. Infection of macaques with the avirulent molecular clone SIVmac1A11 results in transient low viremia and no disease. To investigate if this low viremia is solely due to intrinsic poor replication fitness or is...

    Authors: Koen KA Van Rompay, Emily J Blackwood, Gary Landucci, Don Forthal and Marta L Marthas

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:22

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  50. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) continues to be an important cause of morbidity and occasional mortality in immunocompromised patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and commonly used meth...

    Authors: P Sowmya, HN Madhavan and KL Therese

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:20

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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Virology Journal

ISSN: 1743-422X