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  1. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been the subject of intense research and clinical investigation as its major role in human disease has emerged. HCV circulates in vivo as a complex population of different but closely ...

    Authors: María P Moreno, Didier Casane, Lilia López and Juan Cristina

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:87

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  2. The APOBEC3G protein represents a novel innate defense mechanism against retroviral infection. It facilitates the deamination of the cytosine residues in the single stranded cDNA intermediate during early step...

    Authors: Melanie Kremer, Yasemin Suezer, Yolanda Martinez-Fernandez, Carsten Münk, Gerd Sutter and Barbara S Schnierle

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:86

    Content type: Research

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  4. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in the oral cavity plays an important role in its horizontal transmission and in causing viral-associated oral diseases such as gingivitis. However, little is currently k...

    Authors: Rong Hai, Alice Chu, Hongjian Li, Sean Umamoto, Paul Rider and Fenyong Liu

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:84

    Content type: Research

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  5. Infections with papillomaviruses induce type-specific immune responses, mainly directed against the major capsid protein, L1. Based on the propensity of the L1 protein to self-assemble into virus-like particle...

    Authors: Stefanie D Roth, Martin Sapp, Rolf E Streeck and Hans-Christoph Selinka

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:83

    Content type: Research

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  6. We recently reported the isolation and in vitro replication of hepatitis C virus. These isolates were termed CIMM-HCV and analyzed to establish genotypes and subtypes, which are reported elsewhere. During this an...

    Authors: Dennis Revie, Michael O Alberti, Ravi S Braich, David Bayles, John G Prichard and S Zaki Salahuddin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:82

    Content type: Research

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  7. Isolation and self-replication of infectious HCV has been a difficult task. However, this is needed for the purposes of developing rational drugs and for the analysis of the natural virus. Our recent report of...

    Authors: Dennis Revie, Michael O Alberti, Ravi S Braich, Nickolas Chelyapov, David Bayles, John G Prichard and S Zaki Salahuddin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:81

    Content type: Research

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  9. Recently, a technique which departs radically from conventional approaches has been proposed. This novel technique utilizes biological objects such as viruses as nano-templates for the fabrication of nanostruc...

    Authors: KT Tsen, Eric C Dykeman, Otto F Sankey, Nien-Tsung Lin, Shaw-Wei D Tsen and Juliann G Kiang

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:79

    Content type: Research

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  10. Infectious bronchitis is highly contagious and constitutes one of the most common and difficult poultry diseases to control. IBV is endemic in probably all countries that raise chickens. It exists as dozens of...

    Authors: Ahmed S Abdel-Moneim, Magdy F El-Kady, Brian S Ladman and Jack Gelb Jr

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:78

    Content type: Research

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  11. Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) can infect blood cells and thereby may inhibit hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion and differentiation. In this context, it has been discussed if early progenitor cells...

    Authors: Stefanie Thulke, Aleksandar Radonić, Andreas Nitsche and Wolfgang Siegert

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:77

    Content type: Short report

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  13. Epithelial defensins including human β-defensins (hBDs) and α-defensins (HDs) are antimicrobial peptides that play important roles in the mucosal defense system. However, the role of defensins in papillomaviru...

    Authors: Kong T Chong, Liangbin Xiang, Xiaohong Wang, Eunjoo L Jun, Long-fu Xi and John M Schweinfurth

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:75

    Content type: Research

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  14. Simian-Human immunodeficiency virus is a chimeric virus which, in rhesus macaques (Macacca mulatta) closely imitates immunodeficiency virus infection in human (HIV). A relatively new way to study pathogenesis of ...

    Authors: Erica E Carroll, Rasha Hammamieh, Nabarun Chakraborty, Aaron T Phillips, Stacy-Ann M Miller and Marti Jett

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:74

    Content type: Research

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  16. Sixty one tissue samples from several rodent species trapped in five provinces of Thailand were examined for the presence of hantaviral markers by enzyme-immunoassay and immunoblotting. Four samples, all from ...

    Authors: Jean-Pierre Hugot, Angelina Plyusnina, Vincent Herbreteau, Kirill Nemirov, Juha Laakkonen, Åke Lundkvist, Yupin Supputamongkol, Heikki Henttonen and Alexander Plyusnin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:72

    Content type: Research

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  18. There is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to vaccination against the emerging, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Here, we engineered influenza viral-like particles (Flu-VLPs) derived from re...

    Authors: Judit Szécsi, Bertrand Boson, Per Johnsson, Pia Dupeyrot-Lacas, Mikhail Matrosovich, Hans-Dieter Klenk, David Klatzmann, Viktor Volchkov and François-Loïc Cosset

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:70

    Content type: Short report

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  20. There is widespread interest in the use of innate immune modulators as a defense strategy against infectious pathogens. Using rotavirus as a model system, we developed a cell-based, moderate-throughput screeni...

    Authors: Mark E Shaneyfelt, Anna D Burke, Joel W Graff, Mark A Jutila and Michele E Hardy

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:68

    Content type: Methodology

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  21. The performance of polyclonal monospecific rabbit anti-sera raised against synthetic peptides derived from conserved HCV sequences of genotype 4 was evaluated for efficient detection of viral core and E1 antig...

    Authors: Mostafa K El Awady, Yasmine S El Abd, Hussein A Shoeb, Ashraf A Tabll, AlaaElDin MS Hosny, Reem M El Shenawy, Khaled Atef, Noha G Bader El Din and Mahmoud M Bahgat

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:67

    Content type: Research

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  22. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes several proteins that interfere with the host cell antiviral response. Previously, the serine protease NS3/4A was shown to inhibit IFN-β gene expression by blocking dsRNA-activa...

    Authors: Pasi Kaukinen, Maarit Sillanpää, Sergei Kotenko, Rongtuan Lin, John Hiscott, Krister Melén and Ilkka Julkunen

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:66

    Content type: Research

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  23. Emergence of viral variants that escape CTL control is a major hurdle in HIV vaccination unless such variants affect gene regions that are essential for virus replication. Vaccine-induced multispecific CTL cou...

    Authors: Pascale Villefroy, Franck Letourneur, Zoe Coutsinos, Lorenzo Mortara, Christian Beyer, Helene Gras-Masse, Jean-Gerard Guillet and Isabelle Bourgault-Villada

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:65

    Content type: Research

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  25. Plaque assays in cell culture monolayers under solid or semisolid overlay media are commonly used for quantification of viruses and antiviral substances. To overcome the pitfalls of known overlays, we tested s...

    Authors: Mikhail Matrosovich, Tatyana Matrosovich, Wolfgang Garten and Hans-Dieter Klenk

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:63

    Content type: Methodology

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  26. It was reported that elevation of the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) by a calcium ionophore increased the release of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Freely diffusible hydrogen peroxide (H

    Authors: Emiko Arimoto, Soichi Iwai, Tetsuro Sumi, Yuzo Ogawa and Yoshiaki Yura

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:62

    Content type: Research

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  27. Guards of Cyprian honey bee colonies, Apis mellifera cypria, display a great defensive behaviour against hornets' attacks. The deformed wing virus (DWV) and the kakugo virus (KV) genomes are very similar, but unl...

    Authors: Agnès Rortais, Diana Tentcheva, Alexandros Papachristoforou, Laurent Gauthier, Gérard Arnold, Marc Edouard Colin and Max Bergoin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:61

    Content type: Short report

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  29. The amino terminal half of the cellular prion protein PrPc is implicated in both the binding of copper ions and the conformational changes that lead to disease but has no defined structure. However, as some struc...

    Authors: Snezana Vasiljevic, Junyuan Ren, YongXiu Yao, Kevin Dalton, Catherine S Adamson and Ian M Jones

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:59

    Content type: Research

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  30. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Influenza A virus is a determinant of viral pathogenicity and host range that is responsible for transcribing and replicating the negative sense segmented viral genome (vRNA...

    Authors: Rosa M Dalton, Anne E Mullin, Maria Joao Amorim, Elizabeth Medcalf, Laurence S Tiley and Paul Digard

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:58

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  31. Characterization of the structural morphology of virus particles in electron micrographs is a complex task, but desirable in connection with investigation of the maturation process and detection of changes in ...

    Authors: Martin Ryner, Jan-Olov Strömberg, Cecilia Söderberg-Nauclér and Mohammed Homman-Loudiyi

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:57

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  33. Dengue virus infection has recently taken endemic proportion in India implicating all the four known dengue serotypes. There was a major dengue outbreak in northern India including Delhi in October- December, ...

    Authors: Paban Kumar Dash, Man Mohan Parida, Parag Saxena, Ajay Abhyankar, CP Singh, KN Tewari, Asha Mukul Jana, K Sekhar and PV Lakshmana Rao

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:55

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  36. Some individuals repeatedly exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus do not seroconvert and are resistant to HIV infection. Here, in a pediatric cohort of HIV seronegative infants born of HIV-infected mothers, ...

    Authors: Vázquez Pérez JA, Basualdo Sigales MC, Reyes-Terán G, Gudiño Rosales JC and Soler Claudín C

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:52

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. In the molecular world, researchers act as detectives working hard to unravel the mysteries surrounding cells. One of the researchers' greatest tools in this endeavor has been Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectro...

    Authors: Phelps J Lambert, Audy G Whitman, Ossie F Dyson and Shaw M Akula

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:51

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  38. There has been a recent resurgent interest in bacteriophage biology. Research was initiated to examine Campylobacter jejuni-specific bacteriophage in the Russian Federation to develop alternative control measures...

    Authors: EL Zhilenkov, VM Popova, DV Popov, LY Zavalsky, EA Svetoch, NJ Stern and BS Seal

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:50

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  39. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, slowly progressive neurological disorder caused by the persistent infection with measles virus (MV). Despite much research into SSPE, its pathology remains...

    Authors: M Kühne Simmonds, DWG Brown and L Jin

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:49

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  40. The abundance and the conservation of the repeated element (rep) genes in Ichnoviruses genomes suggest that this gene family plays an important role in viral cycles. In the Ichnovirus associated with the wasp Hyp...

    Authors: L Galibert, G Devauchelle, F Cousserans, J Rocher, P Cérutti, M Barat-Houari, P Fournier and AN Volkoff

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:48

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  41. Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus isolated from an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998. The virus causes infections in humans, pigs, and several other domestic animals. It has also been isolated from fruit bats. The pa...

    Authors: Li-Yen Chang, AR Mohd Ali, Sharifah Syed Hassan and Sazaly AbuBakar

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:47

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  42. A review of Pap smear diagnoses from a reference laboratory in Grand Forks, North Dakota over a 3-year period (07/00 to 10/03) revealed a two-fold higher rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in a...

    Authors: Lata Balakrishnan, Ryan Clauson, Timothy Weiland, Michelle Bianco and Barry Milavetz

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:46

    Content type: Short report

    Published on:

  43. Recent studies have shown that gamma interferon (IFN-γ) synergizes with IFN-α/β to inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication in vitro. Since IFN response represents an early host defense event again...

    Authors: Erina Petrera and Celia E Coto

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:45

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  44. The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ICP0 protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is encoded within the HSV-1 latency-associated locus. When ICP0 is not synthesized, the HSV-1 genome is acutely susceptible...

    Authors: William P Halford, Carla Weisend, Jennifer Grace, Mark Soboleski, Daniel JJ Carr, John W Balliet, Yumi Imai, Todd P Margolis and Bryan M Gebhardt

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:44

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  45. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with lymphoid malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and can transform human B cells in vitro. EBV-harboring cell lines are widely used to investigate lymph...

    Authors: Michele Bernasconi, Christoph Berger, Jürg A Sigrist, Athos Bonanomi, Jens Sobek, Felix K Niggli and David Nadal

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:43

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  47. Lassa virus glycoprotein is synthesised as a precursor (preGP-C) into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. After cotranslational cleavage of the signal peptide, the immature GP-C is posttranslationally proc...

    Authors: Robert Eichler, Oliver Lenz, Wolfgang Garten and Thomas Strecker

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:41

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. To effectively analyze the requirements for protection to rotavirus infection, a reliable animal model that reasonably mimics infection and disease in humans is needed. A requirement for an effective animal mo...

    Authors: Larry E Westerman, Baoming Jiang, Harold M McClure, Lauren J Snipes-Magaldi, Dixie D Griffin, Gary Shin, Jon R Gentsch and Roger I Glass

    Citation: Virology Journal 2006 3:40

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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ISSN: 1743-422X