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  1. Here we report the case of a 54-year old, immunocompetent German patient with primary varicella whose Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)-specific T-cell responses could be detected early in infection and before the ...

    Authors: Armin Baiker, Rudolf Haase, Josef Eberle, Maria Guadalupe Vizoso Pinto, Klaus-Ingmar Pfrepper, Andreas Petrich, Ludwig Deml, Hartmut Campe, Hans Nitschko and Gundula Jaeger
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:54
  2. Oseltamivir is the preferred antiviral drug for influenza, but oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1) viruses have circulated worldwide since the 2007-2008 influenza season. We aimed to determine the rate of oseltamivi...

    Authors: Yoko Matsuzaki, Katsumi Mizuta, Yoko Aoki, Asuka Suto, Chieko Abiko, Kanako Sanjoh, Kanetsu Sugawara, Emi Takashita, Tsutomu Itagaki, Yuriko Katsushima, Makoto Ujike, Masatsugu Obuchi, Takato Odagiri and Masato Tashiro
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:53
  3. It is widely considered that the multifunctional NS1 protein of influenza A viruses contributes significantly disease pathogenesis by modulating a number of virus and host-cell processes, but it is highly cont...

    Authors: Chuanfu Zhang, Yutao Yang, Xiaowei Zhou, Xuelin Liu, Hongbin Song, Yuxian He and Peitang Huang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:51
  4. Myxoma virus (MV) has been endemic in Europe since shortly after its deliberate release in France in 1952. While the emergence of more resistant hosts and more transmissible and attenuated virus is well documente...

    Authors: Kevin P Dalton, Ines Nicieza, Aroa Baragaño, Jose Manuel Martín Alonso and Francisco Parra
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:49
  5. Okra leaf curl disease (OLCD) is a major constraint on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) production and is widespread in Africa. Using a large number of samples representative of the major growing regions in Burkina ...

    Authors: Fidèle Tiendrébéogo, Pierre Lefeuvre, Murielle Hoareau, Julie Villemot, Gnissa Konaté, Alfred S Traoré, Nicolas Barro, Valentin S Traoré, Bernard Reynaud, Oumar Traoré and Jean-Michel Lett
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:48
  6. EV71 occasionally cause a series of severe neurological symptoms, including aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and poliomyelitis-like paralysis. However, the neurological destruction mechanism was remained to b...

    Authors: Chun Shi Jia, Jiang Ning Liu, Wan Bo Li, Chun Mei Ma, Shu Zhu Lin, Yi Hao, Xue Zhong Gao, Xiao Lin Liu, Yan Feng Xu, Lian Feng Zhang and Chuan Qin
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:47
  7. The emergence and co-circulation of two different clades (clade 1 and 2) of H5N1 influenza viruses in Vietnam necessitates the availability of a diagnostic assay that can detect both variants.

    Authors: Thanh Tran Tan, Hana Apsari Pawestri, Ngoc Nghiem My, Hien Vo Minh, Harun Syahrial, Trung Nguyen Vu, H Rogier van Doorn, Heiman FL Wertheim, Chau Nguyen Van Vinh, Ha Do Quang, Jeremy J Farrar, Hien Tran Tinh, Endang R Sedyaningsih and Menno D de Jong
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:46
  8. The Hepatitis B Virus X protein (HBx) plays a major role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, however, its contribution to tumor invasion and metastasis has not been established so far. Heat shock pr...

    Authors: Weihua Li, Xiaohui Miao, Zhongtian Qi, Wenting Zeng, Jianxin Liang and Zengwei Liang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:45
  9. The cytosolic retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a pattern recognition receptor that senses HCV double-stranded RNA and triggers type I interferon pathways. The clone Huh7.5 of human hepatoma Huh7 cells...

    Authors: Dino A Feigelstock, Kathleen B Mihalik, Gerardo Kaplan and Stephen M Feinstone
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:44
  10. Virological, molecular and serological studies were carried out to determine the status of infections with avian influenza viruses (AIV) in different species of wild waterbirds in Iran during 2003-2007. Sample...

    Authors: Sasan R Fereidouni, Ortrud Werner, Elke Starick, Martin Beer, Timm C Harder, Mehdi Aghakhan, Hossein Modirrousta, Hamid Amini, Majid Kharrazian Moghaddam, Mohammad H Bozorghmehrifard, Mohammad A Akhavizadegan, Nicolas Gaidet, Scott H Newman, Saliha Hammoumi, Giovanni Cattoli, Anja Globig…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:43
  11. JCV infection occurs early in childhood and last throughout life. JCV has been associated to colorectal cancer and might contribute to the cancer phenotype by several mechanisms. Among JCV proteins, particular...

    Authors: Tatiana R Coelho, Luis Almeida and Pedro A Lazo
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:42
  12. Viruses included in the family Iridoviridae are large, icosahedral, dsDNA viruses that are subdivided into 5 genera. Frog virus 3 (FV3) is the type species of the genus Ranavirus and the best studied iridovirus a...

    Authors: Heather E Eaton, Emily Penny and Craig R Brunetti
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:41
  13. Throughout the history of human influenza pandemics, pigs have been considered the most likely "mixing vessel" for reassortment between human and avian influenza viruses (AIVs). However, the replication effici...

    Authors: Sjouke GM Van Poucke, John M Nicholls, Hans J Nauwynck and Kristien Van Reeth
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:38
  14. Anatid herpesvirus 1 (AHV-1) is known for the difficulty of monitoring and controlling, because it has a long period of asymptomatic carrier state in waterfowls. Furthermore, as a significant essential agent f...

    Authors: Qing Zou, Kunfeng Sun, Anchun Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Chao Xu, Dekang Zhu, Renyong Jia, Qihui Luo, Yi Zhou, Zhengli Chen and Xiaoyue Chen
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:37
  15. The sustained virological response to interferon-alpha (IFN-α) in individuals infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 is only 50%, but is about 80% in patients infected with genotype 2-6 viruses. The ...

    Authors: Sidhartha Hazari, Partha K Chandra, Bret Poat, Sibnarayan Datta, Robert F Garry, Timothy P Foster, Gus Kousoulas, Takaji Wakita and Srikanta Dash
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:36
  16. Viral delivery remains one of the most commonly used techniques today in the field of gene therapy. However, one of the remaining hurdles is the off-targeting effect of viral delivery. To overcome this obstacl...

    Authors: Yuning Lei, Kye-Il Joo, Jonathan Zarzar, Clement Wong and Pin Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:35
  17. Lily symptomless virus (LSV) is widespread in many countries where lily are grown or planted, and causes severe economic losses in terms of quantity and quality of flower and bulb production. To study the stru...

    Authors: Ruoyu Wang, Guangpeng Wang, Qi Zhao, Yu Zhang, Lizhe An and Yun Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:34
  18. The SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) open reading frame 7a (ORF 7a) encodes a 122 amino acid accessory protein. It has no significant sequence homology with any other known proteins. The 7a protein is present in th...

    Authors: Natalia Vasilenko, Igor Moshynskyy and Alexander Zakhartchouk
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:31
  19. Influenza is a respiratory disease that seriously threatens human health. In fact, influenza virus itself does not make critical contribution to mortality induced by influenza, but "cytokine storm" produced by...

    Authors: Chuanfu Zhang, Yuanyong Xu, Leili Jia, Yutao Yang, Yong Wang, Yansong Sun, Liuyu Huang, Fei Qiao, Stephen Tomlinson, Xuelin Liu, Yusen Zhou and Hongbin Song
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:30
  20. Human astroviruses (HAstVs) are one of the important causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. Currently, eight HAstV genotypes have been identified and all but two (HAstV-6 and HAstV-7) have been fully seq...

    Authors: Li Guo, Richard Gonzalez, Wei Wang, Yongjun Li, Gláucia Paranhos-Baccalà, Guy Vernet and Jianwei Wang
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:29
  21. Antibodies produced in response to infection with any of the four serotypes of dengue virus generally provide homotypic immunity. However, prior infection or circulating maternal antibodies can also mediate a ...

    Authors: John S Schieffelin, Joshua M Costin, Cindo O Nicholson, Nicole M Orgeron, Krystal A Fontaine, Sharon Isern, Scott F Michael and James E Robinson
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:28
  22. The current pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 (pH1N1) was first recognized in humans with acute respiratory diseases in April 2009 in Mexico, in swine in Canada in June, 2009 with respiratory disease, and in turk...

    Authors: Mary Pantin-Jackwood, Jamie L Wasilenko, Erica Spackman, David L Suarez and David E Swayne
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:27
  23. The antiviral activity of native and esterified whey proteins fractions (α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and lactoferrin) was studied to inhibit tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) on infected tomato plants....

    Authors: Ashraf M Abdelbacki, Soad H Taha, Mahmoud Z Sitohy, Abdelgawad I Abou Dawood, Mahmoud M Abd-El Hamid and Adel A Rezk
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:26
  24. Potato virus M (PVM, Carlavirus) is considered to be one of the most common potato viruses distributed worldwide. Sequences of the coat protein (CP) gene of several Canadian PVM isolates were determined. Phylogen...

    Authors: Huimin Xu, Jeanette D'Aubin and Jingbai Nie
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:25
  25. Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of Dengue fever and the life-threatening Dengue Haemorrhagic fever or Dengue shock syndrome. In the absence of anti-viral agents or vaccine, there is an urgent need t...

    Authors: Firzan Ang, Andrew Phui Yew Wong, Mary Mah-Lee Ng and Justin Jang Hann Chu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:24
  26. Embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) are sometimes used for the primary isolation or passage of influenza viruses, other viruses, and certain bacteria. For small-scale experiments with pathogens that must be studied...

    Authors: Sara B Hamilton, Deirdre E Daniels, William A Sosna, Eric R Jeppesen, Julie M Owells, Micah D Halpern, Kimberly S McCurdy, Jonathan O Rayner and John A Lednicky
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:23
  27. Early diagnosis of dengue virus (DENV) infection is important for patient management and control of dengue outbreaks. The objective of this study was to analyze the usefulness of urine and saliva samples for e...

    Authors: Telma R Poloni, Anibal S Oliveira, Helda L Alfonso, Larissa R Galvão, Alberto A Amarilla, Dimair F Poloni, Luiz T Figueiredo and Victor H Aquino
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:22
  28. Adenoviral vectors have been utilized for a variety of gene therapy applications. Our group has incorporated bioluminescent, fluorographic reporters, and/or suicide genes within the adenovirus genome for analy...

    Authors: Jing Li, Aiman Fatima, Svetlana Komarova, Hideyo Ugai, Priyanka Uprety, Justin C Roth, Minghui Wang, Robert A Oster, David T Curiel and Qiana L Matthews
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:21
  29. Norwegian production of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has been without any outbreaks of VHS for many years until the disease emerged in a farm in western Norway in November 2007. The fish were, in addition ...

    Authors: Henrik Duesund, Stian Nylund, Kuninori Watanabe, Karl F Ottem and Are Nylund
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:19
  30. Worldwide, 130 million persons are estimated to be infected with HCV. Puebla is the Mexican state with the highest mortality due to hepatic cirrhosis. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain epidemiological data...

    Authors: Francisca Sosa-Jurado, Gerardo Santos-López, Belinda Guzmán-Flores, Julia I Ruiz-Conde, Daniel Meléndez-Mena, Martín T Vargas-Maldonado, Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna, Laura Contreras-Mioni, Verónica Vallejo-Ruiz and Julio Reyes-Leyva
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:18
  31. Overlapping genes are common in RNA viruses where they serve as a mechanism to optimize the coding potential of compact genomes. However, annotation of overlapping genes can be difficult using conventional gen...

    Authors: Andrew E Firth and John F Atkins
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:17
  32. Hantaviruses cause human disease in endemic regions around the world. Outbreaks of hantaviral diseases have been associated with changes in rodent population density and adaptation to human settlements leading...

    Authors: Patrik Johansson, Grace Yap, Hwee-Teng Low, Chern-Chiang Siew, Relus Kek, Lee-Ching Ng and Göran Bucht
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:15
  33. Goose parvovirus (GPV) is a Dependovirus associated with latent infection and mortality in geese. Currently, in a worldwide scale, GPV severely affects geese production. The objective of this study is to develop ...

    Authors: Yang JinLong, Yang Rui, Cheng AnChun, Wang MingShu, Fu LiZhi, Yang SongQuan, Zhang SuHui, Yang Liu and Xu ZhiYong
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:14
  34. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus and one of the prevalent re-emerging arbovirus in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. It produces a spectru...

    Authors: Phui San Ho, Mary Mah Lee Ng and Justin Jang Hann Chu
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:13
  35. It has come to our attention that, on writing our manuscript (dos Santos Coura and Nardi, 2007), we unintentionally included unquoted passages from the work by Wu et al. (2006), collected during the period whe...

    Authors: Renata dos Santos Coura and Nance Beyer Nardi
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:12

    The original article was published in Virology Journal 2007 4:99

  36. As the primary etiological agents of cervical cancer, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) must deliver their genetic material into the nucleus of the target cell. The viral capsid has evolved to fulfil various roles...

    Authors: Caroline AJ Horvath, Gaëlle AV Boulet, Virginie M Renoux, Philippe O Delvenne and John-Paul J Bogers
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:11
  37. A growing concern has raised regarding the pandemic potential of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop an effective and safe vaccine agains...

    Authors: Guangyu Zhao, Yongping Lin, Lanying Du, Jie Guan, Shihui Sun, Hongyan Sui, Zhihua Kou, Chris CS Chan, Yan Guo, Shibo Jiang, Bo-Jian Zheng and Yusen Zhou
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:9
  38. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has caused large outbreaks worldwide in recent years, especially on the islands of the Indian Ocean and India. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti), which are widesprea...

    Authors: Kui Zheng, Jiandong Li, Quanfu Zhang, Mifang Liang, Chuan Li, Miao Lin, Jicheng Huang, Hua Li, Dapeng Xiang, Ninlan Wang, Ye Hong, Li Huang, Xiaobo Li, Deguan Pan, Wei Song, Jun Dai…
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:8
  39. Myxoma virus is a member of the Poxviridae and causes disease in European rabbits. Laboratory confirmation of the clinical disease, which occurs in the autumn of most years in Denmark, has been achieved previousl...

    Authors: Graham J Belsham, Charlotta Polacek, Solvej Ø Breum, Lars E Larsen and Anette Bøtner
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:7
  40. Human pathogenic coronavirus NL63 (hCoV-NL63) is a group 1 (alpha) coronavirus commonly associated with respiratory tract infections. In addition to known non-structural and structural proteins all coronavirus...

    Authors: Marcel A Müller, Lia van der Hoek, Daniel Voss, Oliver Bader, Dörte Lehmann, Axel R Schulz, Stephan Kallies, Tasnim Suliman, Burtram C Fielding, Christian Drosten and Matthias Niedrig
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:6
  41. We undertook one of the most detailed studies on the distribution of α2,3 sialic acid (SA)-galactose (gal) (avian type) and α2,6SA-gal (human type) receptors on different tissues of chickens, ducks and turkeys...

    Authors: Smitha PS Pillai and Chang W Lee
    Citation: Virology Journal 2010 7:5