Fig. 1From: SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravates cigarette smoke-exposed cell damage in primary human airway epitheliaEffect of cigarette smoke on SARS-CoV-2-induced morphological change and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in airway epithelial cells. A Representative transmission electron micrographs of well-differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells (MOI = 0.1). m: mitochondria; vesicles are red arrows pointed. Scale bar, 2 μm. B Representative images of immunohistochemical staining with a polyclonal antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein protein (MOI = 0.1). Positive cells are red-brown (black arrows). Scale bar, 50 μm. C mRNA expression of viral gene ORF1b (MOI = 2). Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). **p < 0.01 for unpaired Student’s t-test. Ctrl, control; CSM, cigarette smoke medium; SCoV2, SARS-CoV-2; H, hoursBack to article page