Fig. 4From: Reactive oxygen species enhance rAAV transduction by promoting its escape from late endosomesDepletion of ROS reduced rAAV2 transduction efficiency in Hela cells. Hela cell pretreated with shikonin, H2O2, or combined with NAC for 4 h, the medium was replaced, and rAAV2 was transduced. A Hela cells were treated with shikonin or combined with NAC for 4 h; DHE probes were used to measure ROS levels after 12-h pre-treatment. B Pretreated Hela cells with shikonin transduced with rAAV2-GFP vectors at 500 vg/cell. Transgene expression levels were detected under fluorescent microscopy 48 h after the transduction. C Statistical fluorescence intensity analysis with DHE fluorescent probe. D Statistical analyses of ss-rAAV2 transduction efficiency. E Hela cells treated with H2O2 or H2O2 combined with NAC for 4 h; ROS content was determined by DHE probes after 12 h of pre-treatment. F Pretreated Hela cells with H2O2 transduced with rAAV2-GFP vectors at 500 vg/cell. Fluorescent microscopy was conducted to obtain transgene levels 48 h following transduction. G Statistical fluorescence intensity analysis of DHE fluorescent probe. H Quantitative analyses of ss-rAAV2 transgene efficiency. All values indicated are means ± SD (n = 3). ns p > 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001Back to article page