Table 1 The death numbers and ASDR of rotavirus infection in 1990 and 2019 with AAPCs over the 30 years

Global

659,053 (314,974–1,125,598)

11.39 (5.46–19.48)

235,331 (110,221–415,457)

3.41 (1.60–6.01)

− 4.07* (− 4.32,− 3.81)

Gender

Male

352,867 (166,183–608,843)

12.65 (6.01–21.86)

122,824 (59,570–215,761)

3.65 (1.78–6.42)

− 4.18* (− 4.30,− 4.07)

Female

306,187 (145,000–534,575)

10.55 (4.85–18.75)

112,506 (50,821–208,725)

3.21 (1.46–5.83)

− 4.03* (− 4.25,− 3.80)

SDI rank

High SDI

1443 (674–2549)

0.22 (0.10–0.39)

704 (278–1444)

0.05 (0.02–0.09)

− 5.13* (− 5.50,− 4.76)

High-middle SDI

18,990 (9183–30,411

1.86 (0.90–2.99)

6201 (2951–11,537)

0.44 (0.22–0.75)

− 4.88* (− 5.02,− 4.74)

Middle-SDI

126,931 (61,348–209,772)

7.31 (3.47–12.34)

42,881 (21,626–76,459

2.28 (1.17–4.02)

− 3.97* (− 4.16,− 3.78)

Low-middle SDI

260,739 (119,730–467,415)

24.01 (11.32–42.68)

55,338 (25,198–101,806)

3.94 (1.73–7.54)

− 6.12* (− 6.38,− 5.85)

Low SDI

250,593 (113,581–428,636)

37.52 (17.2–67.01)

130,065 (58,667–232,527)

10.71 (4.80–19.71)

− 4.22* (− 4.46,− 3.98)

GBD regions

Andean Latin America

6002 (3725–8524)

13.64 (8.29–20.36)

757 (369–1465)

1.30 (0.62–2.55)

− 8.22* (− 8.59,− 7.85)

Australasia

9 (4–16)

0.04 (0.02–0.08)

25 (9–53)

0.05 (0.02–0.11)

0.63 (− 0.01,1.27)

Caribbean

3603 (1701–6255)

9.07 (4.3–15.79)

763 (292–1481)

1.75 (0.65–3.48)

− 6.04* (− 6.49,− 5.59)

Central Asia

1910 (716–3917)

2.03 (0.76–4.16)

135 (46–302)

0.14 (0.05–0.32)

− 8.70* (− 9.01,− 8.39)

Central Europe

262 (125–429)

0.31 (0.15–0.51)

27 (14–47)

0.04 (0.02–0.06)

− 6.82* (− 7.28,− 6.37)

Central Latin America

21,355 (11,627–32,566)

11.96 (6.42–18.51)

2765 (1369–4729)

1.23 (0.61–2.11)

− 7.51* (− 7.72,− 7.30)

Central Sub-Saharan Africa

35,801 (16,072–62,837)

46.14 (21.48–80.74)

15,409 (5216–32,211)

11.99 (4.53–23.29)

− 4.41* (− 4.80,− 4.02)

East Asia

39,195 (18,103–61,488)

3.44 (1.63–5.43)

1227 (626–2020)

0.14 (0.07–0.22)

− 10.51* (− 11.04,− 9.98)

Eastern Europe

618 (298–963)

0.40 (0.19–0.62)

71 (33–117)

0.06 (0.03–0.09)

− 6.35* (− 7.27,− 5.43)

Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa

67,508 (30,011–121,444)

20.49 (9.16–37.71)

28,148 (13,311–50,067)

4.95 (2.33–9.18)

− 4.76* (− 5.00,− 4.51)

High-income Asia Pacific

179 (76–336)

0.13 (0.06–0.24)

289 (103–647)

0.07 (0.03–0.14)

− 2.19* (− 2.63,− 1.75)

High-income North America

45 (22–76)

0.02 (0.01–0.03)

130 (51–274)

0.03 (0.01–0.06)

1.79* (1.58,2.01)

North Africa and Middle East

26,666 (10,860–50,417)

5.09 (2.10–9.67)

7974 (3394–14,796)

1.36 (0.58–2.54)

− 4.45* (− 4.80,− 4.11)

Oceania

1028 (495–1725)

32.23 (16.62–57.66)

1379 (676–2384)

18.38 (8.90–32.64)

− 1.93* (− 2.15,− 1.71)

South Asia

191,715 (83,315–357,226)

25.42 (11.10–46.54)

64,372 (28,290–126,945)

5.77 (2.47–11.49)

− 5.00* (− 5.36,− 4.64)

Southeast Asia

81,417 (36,466–141,759)

16.23 (7.09–28.74)

13,618 (6039–25,555)

2.52 (1.11–4.82)

− 6.22* (− 6.33,− 6.11)

Southern Latin America

320 (140–588)

0.66 (0.29–1.23)

117 (46–232)

0.16 (0.07–0.32)

− 4.62* (− 5.53,− 3.70)

Southern Sub-Saharan Africa

4478 (1730–9078)

7.71 (2.93–15.25)

1687 (652–3543)

2.63 (0.97–5.72)

− 3.67* (− 4.14,− 3.21)

Tropical Latin America

10,271 (4282–19,778)

6.37 (2.67–12.09)

911 (389–1756)

0.48 (0.20–0.94)

− 8.65* (− 9.47,− 7.83)

Western Europe

157 (61–314)

0.03 (0.01–0.07)

262 (104–533)

0.03 (0.01–0.06)

− 0.77* (− 1.36,− 0.18)

Western Sub-Saharan Africa

166,514 (72,971–296,750)

59.94 (26.39–106.39)

95,265 (41,399–172,892)

18.26 (8.15–32.78)

− 4.07* (− 4.32,− 3.81)