Fig. 6From: Enhanced synergistic antitumor effect of a DNA vaccine with anticancer cytokine, MDA-7/IL-24, and immune checkpoint blockadeThe levels of caspase-9 and TRAIL proteins in the tumor microenvironment. Mice were challenged with TC-1 tumor cells and immunized as described in the text. One week after immunization, mice groups were sacrificed and tumor tissue extracted and homogenized to form a uniform tumor lysate. The concentration of caspase-9 (A) and TRAIL (B) in tumor lysates determined by ELISA. Results are representative mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001Back to article page