Table 2 Subgroup analysis for the pooled estimate of NoVs from 21 studies reported from 2015 to 2021
Sub groups | Number of studies included | Pooled estimate of NoVs in % (95% CI) | Heterogeneity: I2 (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|
African region | |||
Central Africa | Six | 19.4 (12.0, 26.7) | 95.5% (< 0.001) |
East Africa | Six | 17.5 (10.9, 24.4) | 96.8% (< 0.001) |
South Africa | Five | 19.5 (10, 29) | 94.7% (< 0.001) |
North Africa | Two | 30 (24.6, 35.6) | 0.0% (0.79) |
West Africa | Two | 25.8 (23.9, 27.8) | 99.3% (< 0.001) |
Age group | |||
Under5 children | Sixteen | 19.25 (14.4, 23.5) | 96.8% (< 0.001) |
Other age groups | Five | 23.77 (15.9, 33.5) | 91.8% (< 0.001) |
Diagnosis method | |||
Rt-qPCR | Fourteen | 21 (15.4, 26.8) | 97% (< 0.001) |
Conventional RT-PCR | Five | 18 (9, 27) | 97.6% (< 0.001) |
Multiplex PCR | Two | 19.37 (12.1, 26.6) | 78.2% (0.032) |
Study design | |||
Cross-sectional | Eleven | 20.7 (15.4, 18.2) | 91.2% (< 0.001) |
Case control | Three | 13.4 (8.2, 18.6) | 98.8% (< 0.001) |
Surveillance | Six | 22.8 (12.3, 33.4) | 98.8 (< 0.001) |
Sample size | |||
 < 300 | Nine | 21.2 (17.6, 24.8) | 97% (< 0.001) |
 > 300–500 | Seven | 16.8 (11.7, 21.9) | 68.9% (< 0.001) |
 > 500 | Five | 22.4 (11, 33.9) | 99.2% (< 0.001) |