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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants among three centers

From: The association between sPD-1 levels versus liver biochemistry and viral markers in chronic hepatitis B patients: a comparative study of different sPD-1 assays

Variables

Total (N = 254)

Center

P value

REVEAL (N = 135)

CGMH-KB (N = 72)

CGMH-LB (N = 47)

Gender

Female

93 (36.6)

49 (36.3)

15 (20.8)

29 (61.7)

< 0.0001

Male

161 (63.4)

86 (63.7)

57 (79.2)

18 (38.3)

 

Age, years

≤ 40

60 (23.6)

40 (29.6)

9 (12.5)

11 (23.4)

0.0052

40–60

152 (59.8)

82 (60.8)

44 (61.1)

26 (55.3)

 

≥ 60

42 (16.6)

13 (9.6)

19 (26.4)

10 (21.3)

 

Mean ± SD

48.9 ± 9.6

46.3 ± 8.7

52.7 ± 10.0

50.6 ± 9.5

< 0.0001

Median (IQR)

49.0 (41.0–56.0)

45.0 (39.0–52.0)

54.5 (46.5–60.0)

52.0 (41.0–57.0)

< 0.0001

HBV genotype

B

140 (72.9)

79 (73.1)

53 (75.7)

8 (57.1)

0.3598

C

52 (27.1)

29 (26.9)

17 (24.3)

6 (42.9)

 

Cirrhosis

No

235 (92.5)

131 (97.0)

58 (80.6)

46 (97.9)

< 0.0001

Yes

19 (7.5)

4 (3.0)

14 (19.4)

1 (2.1)

 

HBeAg

Negative

242 (95.3)

134 (99.3)

69 (95.8)

39 (83.0)

0.0001

Positive

12 (4.7)

1 (0.7)

3 (4.2)

8 (17.0)

 

HBsAg, IU/mL

≤ 100

76 (30.4)

39 (28.9)

20 (28.2)

17 (38.6)

0.1291

100–1000

89 (35.6)

44 (32.6)

33 (46.5)

12 (27.3)

 

≥ 1000

85 (34.0)

52 (38.5)

18 (25.3)

15 (34.1)

 

Median (IQR), log10 IU/mL

2.6 (1.9–3.1)

2.7 (1.9–3.2)

2.4 (1.9–3.1)

2.6 (1.7–3.1)

0.5019

HBV DNA, copies/mL

≤ 104

127 (50.8)

81 (60.0)

28 (38.9)

18 (41.9)

< 0.0001

104–105

48 (19.2)

31 (23.0)

9 (12.5)

8 (18.6)

 

≥ 105

75 (30.0)

23 (17.0)

35 (48.6)

17 (39.5)

 

Median (IQR), log10 copies/mL

3.9 (2.9–5.3)

3.8 (2.9–4.6)

4.8 (3.4–6.2)

4.2 (2.6–6.3)

0.0023

ALT, U/L

≤ 15

96 (37.8)

86 (63.7)

4 (5.6)

6 (12.8)

< 0.0001

15–40

95 (37.4)

45 (33.3)

25 (34.7)

25 (53.2)

 

≥ 40

63 (24.8)

4 (3.0)

43 (59.7)

16 (34.0)

 

Median (IQR)

19.0 (10.0–39.0)

11.0 (7.0–19.0)

55.0 (28.5–170.0)

22.0 (18.0–55.0)

< 0.0001

sPD-1 by MyBioSource, pg/mL

≤ 125

7 (2.8)

2 (1.5)

5 (6.9)

0 (0.0)

0.2079

125–4000

103 (40.5)

56 (41.5)

29 (40.3)

18 (38.3)

 

≥ 4000

144 (56.7)

77 (57.0)

38 (52.8)

29 (61.7)

 

Mean ± SD, log10 pg/mL

3.4 ± 0.4

3.3 ± 0.4

3.4 ± 0.4

3.5 ± 0.2

0.1425

Median (IQR), log10 pg/mL

3.6 (3.3–3.6)

3.6 (3.2–3.6)

3.6 (3.4–3.6)

3.6 (3.4–3.6)

0.5470

Mean ± SD, log10 pg/mLa

3.9 ± 1.0

3.9 ± 0.9

4.1 ± 1.1

N/A

0.2246

Median (IQR), log10 pg/mLa

4.0 (3.2–4.6)

4.0 (3.2–4.6)

3.9 (3.4–4.7)

N/A

0.4013

sPD-1 by R&D, pg/mL

≤ 156

140 (55.1)

103 (76.3)

20 (27.8)

17 (36.2)

< 0.0001

156–104

98 (38.6)

32 (23.7)

40 (55.5)

26 (55.3)

 

≥ 104

16 (6.3)

0 (0.0)

12 (16.7)

4 (8.5)

 

Mean ± SD, log10 pg/mL

2.5 ± 0.6

2.3 ± 0.3

2.9 ± 0.7

2.6 ± 0.6

< 0.0001

Median (IQR), log10 pg/mL

2.2 (2.2–2.7)

2.2 (2.2–2.2)

2.8 (2.2–3.6)

2.3 (2.2–2.8)

< 0.0001

Mean ± SD, log10 pg/mLa

2.6 ± 0.6

2.3 ± 0.3

3.0 ± 0.8

N/A

< 0.0001

Median (IQR), log10 pg/mLa

2.2 (2.2–2.7)

2.2 (2.2–2.2)

2.8 (2.2–3.6)

N/A

< 0.0001

  1. Values are expressed as number (percentage). HBV DNA and HBsAg data at sPD-1 assessment was available in 250 patients. HBV genotype was not available in 32 patients and failed genotyped in 30 patients
  2. ALT alanine aminotransferase, CGMH-LB Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, CGMH-KB Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Branch, HBV hepatitis B virus, HBeAg hepatitis B e antigen, HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation, sPD-1 soluble programmed cell death protein 1
  3. aSerial dilution method for sPD-1 level above upper limit of assay, done in REVEAL and CGMH-KB only
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Virology Journal

ISSN: 1743-422X