Evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants

Table 3 Characteristic mutations detected in circulating SARS-CoV-2 clades

Clade	Characteristic mutations	References
L	Reference Genome NC_045512.2	[94, 319]
V	Nsp6: L37F ORF3a: G251V	[95, 123, 129, 284]
S	Nsp4: S76S ORF8: L84S	[96, 285]
G	5’ UTR: C241T * Nsp3: F106F Nsp12: P323L S: D614G	[104, 116, 117]
GH	5’ UTR: C241T * Nsp3: F106F Nsp12: P323L S: D614G ORF3a: Q57H	[121, 146]
GR	5’ UTR: C241T * Nsp3: F106F Nsp12: P323L S: D614G N: R203K N: G204R	[123]
GV	5’ UTR: C241T * Nsp3: F106F Nsp12: P323L S: A222V S: D614G	[97, 150]
GRY	5’ UTR: C241T * Nsp3: F106F Nsp12: P323L S: H69del S: V70del S: Y144del S: N501Y S: D614G N: R203K N: G204R	[89, 146]
O	Variants without mutations characteristic of other clades	[93, 94]

Characteristic mutations for SARS-CoV-2 clades at the amino acid or nucleotide (*) levels

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