From: Evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants
Species | Discovery in humans | Speculated timeline of divergence for human strain | Speculated bat reservoir | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
SARS-CoV-2 | 2019 | Human strain likely diverged from most closely related bat virus in 1969 | Rhinolophus spp. | |
SARS-CoV | 2003 | Human strain likely diverged from bat strain in 1986 | Rhinolophus spp. | |
MERS-CoV | 2012 | Human strain likely diverged from bat strain before 1990 | Taphozous perforates, Pipistrellus spp., Neoromecia spp. | |
HCoV-OC43 | 1967 | Human strain likely diverged from bovine strain in 1890 | N/A | |
HCoV-HKU1 | 2004 | No supported dates of divergence have been established | N/A | [279] |
HCoV-229E | 1965 | Human strain likely diverged from alpaca strain before 1960 and from bat strain between 1686 and 1800 CE | Hipposideros caffer ruber | |
HCoV-NL63 | 2004 | Human strain likely diverged from bat strain between 1190 and 1449 CE | Triaenops afer |