Prevalence and clinical correlation of hepatitis E virus antibody in the patients’ serum samples from a tertiary care hospital in Thailand during 2015–2018

Table 7 Clinical and laboratory data of patients in the pregnancy group during 2015–2018

Characteristics	Results
Number of pregnancy cases	n = 17 (17 out of 1,106; 1.54%)
Age (years)	32 (range 17–41)
Gravidity	G1: n = 9 (52.9%), G2: n = 5 (29.4%), G3: n = 3 (17.6%)
Twin/Triplet pregnancy	n = 3 (17.6%)
Gestational age	First trimester: n = 1 (5.9%), Second trimester: n = 2 (11.8%), Third trimester: n = 14 (82.4%)
Clinical/laboratory presentations
Hyperbilirubinemia	n = 8 (47.1%)
Elevation of AST or ALT > 100 U/L	n = 13 (76.5%)
Liver function test (All 17 cases)
AST (U/L)	143 (24–1,576)
ALT (U/L)	242 (19–1,708)
ALP (U/L)	196 (57–500)
TB (mg/dL)	2.04 (0.3–24.3)
Diagnoses
Recent viral hepatitis	n = 4 (23.5%); HAV (n = 1), HBV (n = 2), HEV (n = 2)
Acute fatty liver in pregnancy	n = 5 (29.4%); one was also diagnosed with syphilis
Pre-eclampsia/HELLP	n = 3 (17.6%)
Others	ATV/r induced hyperbilirubinemia (n = 1), chronic HT with UGIB (n = 1), acute/post-arrest hepatitis (n = 2), pregnancy with DFIU (n = 1)
Pregnancy and fetal complications
Ectopic pregnancy/DFIU	n = 2 (11.8%)
Threaten preterm labor/preterm labor	n = 3 (17.6%); from maternal HAV infection (n = 1), maternal HBV infection (n = 1)
Low infant birth weight (< 2,500 g)	n = 10 (58.9%); from maternal HAV infection (n = 1), maternal HBV infection (n = 1), maternal HEV infection (n = 1)
Timing of anti-HEV antibody test	Pre-partum: n = 7 (41.2%), Peri/Post-partum: n = 10 (58.9%)
Results of anti-HEV antibody test
Positive anti-HEV IgG antibody	n = 7 (41.2%); two cases were also tested positive for anti-HEV IgM
Positive anti-HEV IgM antibody	n = 2 (11.8%)

Liver function test (HEV seropositive cases)	anti-HEV IgG + /IgM- (n = 5)	anti-HEV IgG + /IgM + (n = 2)
AST (U/L)	143 (24–1576)	80.5 (45–116)
ALT (U/L)	124 (19–1615)	74 (32–116)
ALP (U/L)	183 (78–473)	444 (388–500)
TB (mg/dL)	0.7 (0.3–24.3)	7.95 (4.9–11)

General patient information of 17 pregnant women, including age, trimester, clinical and laboratory presentation, diagnoses, fetal complications, anti-HEV antibody test timing, and anti-HEV antibody (IgG/IgM) detection rate, were demonstrated. Continuous variables were presented in median and range. Frequencies were presented in numbers and percentages. GA (gestational age), AST (aspartate aminotransferase enzyme), ALT (alanine aminotransferase enzyme), ALP (alkaline phosphatase enzyme), TB (total bilirubin), ATV/r (atazanavir/ritonavir), HT (hypertension), UGIB (upper gastrointestinal bleeding), HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count), DFIU (dead fetus in utero), HAV (hepatitis A virus), HBV (hepatitis B virus), HEV (hepatitis E virus)

ISSN: 1743-422X