The role of SOCS proteins in the development of virus- induced hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Hepatitis viruses have developed multiple strategies to disrupt the immune response by hijacking the SOCS system

Virus	SOCS protein	In vivo or In vitro	Viral proteins	Mechanism	References
HCV	SOCS1/3	Hep-G2 cell	HCV core protein	Inhibit IFN-α induced expression of 2′,5′-OAS and MxA	[40]
	SOCS3	patients	HCV genotype 1	Reduce the biological response to IFN-α	[43]
	SOCS1	PBMC	HCV core protein	Dysregulate T- and B-cell signalling	[44,45,46,47]
	SOCS	Myeloid DCs	HCV genotype 3	Diminish capacity to present antigen	[49]
	SOCS3/7	Huh-7	HCV genotype 3	Downregulation of IRS1 and IRS2	[52,53,54]
HBV	SOCS3	Huh-7 and liver specimens from HBV-infected patients	adenoviral AdHBV (genotype A)	Dysregulate STAT/SOCS-signalling	[58]
	SOCS1	HepG2.2.15 cells and PBMC	HBV antigen, HBeAg	Promote inflammatory cytokine production	[60]
	SOCS1	plasmacytoid dendritic cells	HBsAg	Inhibition of the IFN-α production	[61]
	SOCS1/3	HBV transgenic mice	CTP-HBcAg18-27-tapasin	enhance T cell immune responses	[62,63,64]

Viral proteins disrupt the host’s immune response by hijacking different SOCS proteins in vivo or in vitro.

ISSN: 1743-422X