Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the severe patients with COVID-19
Variables | Training dataset (China data) n = 96 | Test dataset (Iran data) n = 43 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SE) | 63.47 (1.36) | 63.37 (2.70) | 0.972 |
Male, n (%) | 49 (51.0) | 30 (69.8) | 0.039 |
Smoking history, n (%) | 1 (1.0) | 2 (4.7) | 0.064 |
Symptoms on admission, n (%) | |||
Fever | 86 (89.6) | 20 (46.5) | < 0.001 |
Cough | 78 (81.3) | 23 (53.5) | 0.222 |
Fatigue | 86 (89.6) | 27 (42.2) | < 0.001 |
Shortness of breath | 70 (72.9) | 24 (55.8) | 0.983 |
Headache | 17 (17.7) | 4 (9.3) | 0.453 |
Diarrhea | 20 (20.8) | 1 (2.3) | 0.017 |
Coexisting disorder, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 33 (34.4) | 12 (27.9) | 0.748 |
Diabetes | 16 (16.7) | 8 (18.6) | 0.296 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3 (3.1) | 2 (4.7) | 0.444 |
Cerebral infarction | 1 (1.0) | 1 (2.3) | 0.42 |
Coronary heart disease | 10 (10.4) | 0 | 0.057 |
Chronic kidney disease | 3 (3.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0.768 |
Chronic liver disease | 0 | 0 | – |
Respiratory rate, mean (SE) | 27.24 (0.57) | 22.76 (1.09) | < 0.001 |
Heart rate, mean (SE) | 92.89 (1.749) | 90.34 (1.88) | 0.323 |
In-hospital deaths, n (%) | 31 (32.3) | 13 (30.2) | 0.809 |