Fig. 9

Association of HPgV-1 infection status with PfSPZ CHMI outcome and anti-CSP titers in immunized volunteers. Individuals were treated with either normal saline (placebo) or PfSPZ Vaccine (vaccinees). Presence or absence of malaria parasites was determined in whole blood by thick blood smear microscopy (TBS) and confirmed by qPCR. Total IgG antibodies recognizing full length PfCSP were measured by ELISA. a Proportion of non-protected (cream) and protected (blue) in vaccinated volunteers with and without HPgV-1 infection. Proportions are indicated inside the bar and volunteer numbers on top. c Total anti-CSP IgG levels at 14 days past last vaccination in the protected (malaria negative) and non-protected (malaria positive) groups, with and without HPgV-1 infection. Log anti-PfCSP titres expressed in O.D units are shown. Each point represent an individual, and box plot with horizontal bar show median values for each group. Chi square with Yates correction was used for group comparisons of categorical values (*P < 0.05). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare anti-CSP titres in the two groups. P values are indicated on top of each comparison