Fig. 7

HPgV-1 infection status does not impact on anti-PfCSP antibody titres. Total IgG antibodies recognizing full length PfCSP were measured by ELISA in HPgV-1 negative (5′ UTR-, grey), HPgV-1 positive (5′ UTR + , purple) volunteers. a Shows baseline (pre-vaccination) anti-PfCSP IgG levels of HPgV-1 negative (n = 47) compared to HPgV-1 positive (n = 23) volunteers. b Anti-PfCSP IgG levels at 14 days past last vaccination in HPgV-1 positive individuals (n = 17) versus the HPgV-1 negative (n = 37) group. c, d Comparison of vaccine-induced changes in anti-PfCSP IgG titres as net responses (14 days post last immunization—baseline) as well as fold (14 days post last vaccination/baseline). Only vaccinated individuals were included for 14 days post last immunization, net and fold change responses. One HPgV-1⁺ individual was not included in these subsequent analyses due to missing antibody data. Log anti-PfCSP titres expressed in arbitrary units are shown. Each point represent an individual, box plot with horizontal bar show median values for each group. Statistical significance was calculated by using Wilcoxon rank sum test (P value * < 0.05). P values are indicated on top for each group comparison