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Table 3 In-house developed primers and RT-PCR protocol

From: Evaluation on the use of Nanopore sequencing for direct characterization of coronaviruses from respiratory specimens, and a study on emerging missense mutations in partial RdRP gene of SARS-CoV-2

Primer sequences

Forward 1

5′-ATG GGN TGG GAY TAY CC-3′

~ 440 bp amplicon

Forward 2

5′-GGA YTA YCC NAA RTG YGA-3′

Reverse

5′-CCA TCA TCA SWN ARN ATS AT-3′

Reverse transcription

Master mix 1 constituents per reaction

Temperature profile

Random hexamer

1 µL

65 °C

On ice

5 m

1 m

dNTP (10 mM)

1 µL

RNA template

8 µL

Total

10 µL

Master mix 2 constituents per reaction

RT profile

10x RT buffer

2 µL

  

MgCl2 (25 mM)

4 µL

25 °C

10 m

DTT (0.1 M)

2 µL

50 °C

50 m

RNaseOUT

1 µL

85 °C

5 m

SuperScript III reverse transcriptase

1 µL

15 °C

Hold

Master mix 1

10 µL

  

Total

20 µL

  

PCR

Master mix constituents per reaction

PCR profile

10x PCR buffer

5 µL

   

MgCl2 (25 mM)

8 µL

   

dNTP (10 mM)

1 µL

95 °C

9 m

 

Forward primer 1 (200 µM)

1 µL

95 °C (1 °C/s)

1 m

 

Forward primer 2 (200 µM)

1 µL

48 °C (1 °C/s)

1 m

40×

Reverse primer (200 µM)

1 µL

72 °C (1 °C/s)

1 m

 

PCR-grade water

11.5 µL

72 °C

5 m

 

AmpliTaq Gold

1.5 µL

15 °C

Hold

 

RT product

20 µL

Total

50 µL

  1. The primers were designed with reference to 56 coronavirus reference genomes
  2. Coronavirus reference genomes considered for designing primers
  3. NC_028752.1, NC_002645.1, NC_005831.2, NC_032107.1, NC_028824.1, NC_009988.1, NC_010437.1, NC_010438.1, NC_028814.1, NC_018871.1, NC_003436.1, NC_009657.1, NC_022103.1, NC_028811.1, NC_028833.1, NC_028806.1, NC_038861.1, NC_002306.3, NC_030292.1, NC_023760.1, NC_034972.1, NC_032730.1, NC_035191.1, NC_038294.1, NC_019843.3, NC_034440.1, NC_009020.1, NC_009019.1, NC_039207.1, NC_004718.3, NC_045512.2, NC_014470.1, NC_025217.1, NC_030886.1, NC_009021.1, NC_003045.1, NC_006213.1, NC_017083.1, NC_026011.1, NC_001846.1, AC_000192.1, NC_012936.1, NC_006577.2, NC_011547.1, NC_011549.1, NC_016993.1, NC_011550.1, NC_039208.1, NC_016992.1, NC_016991.1, NC_016996.1, NC_016994.1, NC_016995.1, NC_001451.1, NC_010800.1, NC_010646.1