TY - STD TI - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019. UR - https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 ID - ref1 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stadnytskyi, V. AU - Bax, C. E. AU - Bax, A. AU - Anfinrud, P. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - The airborne lifetime of small speech droplets and their potential importance in SARS-CoV-2 transmission JO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A VL - 117 UR - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006874117 DO - 10.1073/pnas.2006874117 ID - Stadnytskyi2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Morawska, L. AU - Milton, D. K. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - It is time to address airborne transmission of COVID-19 JO - Clin Infect Dis. UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa939/5867798 DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa939/5867798 ID - Morawska2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhang, R. AU - Li, Y. AU - Zhang, A. L. AU - Wang, Y. AU - Molina, M. J. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of COVID-19 JO - Proc Natl Acad Sci VL - 117 ID - Zhang2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Doremalen, N. AU - Bushmaker, T. AU - Morris, D. H. AU - Holbrook, M. G. AU - Gamble, A. AU - Williamson, B. N. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1 JO - N Engl J Med VL - 382 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2004973 DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2004973 ID - Doremalen2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Smither, S. J. AU - Eastaugh, L. S. AU - Findlay, J. S. AU - Lever, M. S. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Experimental aerosol survival of SARS-CoV-2 in artificial saliva and tissue culture media at medium and high humidity JO - Emerg Microbes Infect VL - 9 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1777906 DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1777906 ID - Smither2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cai, J. AU - Sun, W. AU - Huang, J. AU - Gamber, M. AU - Wu, J. AU - He, G. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Indirect virus transmission in cluster of COVID-19 cases, Wenzhou, China, 2020 JO - Emerg Infect Dis VL - 26 UR - https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2606.200412 DO - 10.3201/eid2606.200412 ID - Cai2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Julian, T. R. AU - Leckie, J. O. AU - Boehm, A. B. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Virus transfer between fingerpads and fomites JO - J Appl Microbiol VL - 109 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04814.x DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04814.x ID - Julian2010 ER - TY - STD TI - Rolfe T, Nitti M. Touchscreens: the mosquito of the digital age. 2016. https://emist.com/infection-prevention-touchscreens-are-contaminated/. UR - https://emist.com/infection-prevention-touchscreens-are-contaminated/ ID - ref9 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rusin, P. AU - Maxwell, S. AU - Gerba, C. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Comparative surface-to-hand and fingertip-to-mouth transfer efficiency of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and phage JO - J Appl Microbiol VL - 93 UR - https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01734.x DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01734.x ID - Rusin2002 ER - TY - STD TI - Kasloff SB, Strong JE, Funk D, Cutts TA. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 on critical personal protective equipment. medRxiv. 2020;2020.06.11.20128884. ID - ref11 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kärber, G. PY - 1931 DA - 1931// TI - Beitrag zur kollektiven Behandlung pharmakologischer JO - Beitrag zur Kollekt Behandlung pharmakologischer Reihenversuche VL - 7 ID - Kärber1931 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Spearman, C. PY - 1908 DA - 1908// TI - The method of “right and wrong cases” ('constant stimuli’) without Gauss’s formulae JO - Br J Psychol. 1908–1920 VL - 2 ID - Spearman1908 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sattar, S. A. AU - Springthorpe, V. S. AU - Adegbunrin, O. AU - Zafer, A. A. AU - Busa, M. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - A disc-based quantitative carrier test method to assess the virucidal activity of chemical germicides JO - J Virol Methods VL - 112 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(03)00192-7 DO - 10.1016/S0166-0934(03)00192-7 ID - Sattar2003 ER - TY - STD TI - ASTM E2197. Standard quantitative disk carrier test method for determining bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, mycobactericidal, and sporicidal activities of chemicals. ASTM Int. 2015. https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2197.htm. UR - https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2197.htm ID - ref15 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kim, Y. AU - Yang, M. AU - Goyal, S. M. AU - Cheeran, M. C. J. AU - Torremorell, M. PY - 2017 DA - 2017// TI - Evaluation of biosecurity measures to prevent indirect transmission of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus JO - BMC Vet Res VL - 13 ID - Kim2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lee, S. S. AU - Wong, N. S. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Probable transmission chains of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the multiple generations of secondary infection in South Korea JO - Int J Infect Dis VL - 38 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.014 DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.07.014 ID - Lee2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sizun, J. AU - Yu, M. W. N. AU - Talbot, P. J. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - Survival of human coronaviruses 229E and OC43 in suspension and after drying on surfaces: A possible source of hospital-acquired infections JO - J Hosp Infect VL - 46 UR - https://doi.org/10.1053/jhin.2000.0795 DO - 10.1053/jhin.2000.0795 ID - Sizun2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scola, B. AU - Bideau, M. AU - Andreani, J. AU - Hoang, V. T. AU - Grimaldier, C. AU - Colson, P. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Viral RNA load as determined by cell culture as a management tool for discharge of SARS-CoV-2 patients from infectious disease wards JO - Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis VL - 39 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03913-9 DO - 10.1007/s10096-020-03913-9 ID - Scola2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kam, K. AU - Yung, C. F. AU - Cui, L. AU - Tzer Pin Lin, R. AU - Mak, T. M. AU - Maiwald, M. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - A well infant with coronavirus disease 2019 with high viral load JO - Clin Infect Dis VL - 71 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa201 DO - 10.1093/cid/ciaa201 ID - Kam2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huang, Y. AU - Chen, S. AU - Yang, Z. AU - Guan, W. AU - Liu, D. AU - Lin, Z. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - SARS-CoV-2 viral load in clinical samples from critically Ill patients JO - Am J Respir Crit Care Med VL - 201 UR - https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202003-0572LE DO - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0572LE ID - Huang2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zou, L. AU - Ruan, F. AU - Huang, M. AU - Liang, L. AU - Huang, H. AU - Hong, Z. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients JO - N Engl J Med VL - 382 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001737 DO - 10.1056/NEJMc2001737 ID - Zou2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chan, K. H. AU - Peiris, J. S. M. AU - Lam, S. Y. AU - Poon, L. L. M. AU - Yuen, K. Y. AU - Seto, W. H. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the viability of the SARS coronavirus JO - Adv Virol. UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/734690 DO - 10.1155/2011/734690 ID - Chan2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chin, A. W. H. AU - Chu, J. T. S. AU - Perera, M. R. A. AU - Hui, K. P. Y. AU - Yen, H. -. L. AU - Chan, M. C. W. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions JO - Lancet Microbe VL - 1 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30003-3 DO - 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30003-3 ID - Chin2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lai, M. Y. Y. AU - Cheng, P. K. C. AU - Lim, W. W. L. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus JO - Clin Infect Dis VL - 41 UR - https://doi.org/10.1086/433186 DO - 10.1086/433186 ID - Lai2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aboubakr, H. A. AU - Sharafeldin, T. A. AU - Goyal, S. M. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Stability of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses in the environment and on common touch surfaces and the influence of climatic conditions: a review JO - Transbound Emerg Dis UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13707 DO - 10.1111/tbed.13707 ID - Aboubakr2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biryukov, J. AU - Boydston, J. A. AU - Dunning, R. A. AU - Yeager, J. J. AU - Wood, S. AU - Reese, A. L. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Increasing temperature and relative humidity accelerates inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces JO - mSphere VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00441-20 DO - 10.1128/mSphere.00441-20 ID - Biryukov2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Casanova, L. M. AU - Jeon, S. AU - Rutala, W. A. AU - Weber, D. J. AU - Sobsey, M. D. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces JO - Appl Environ Microbiol VL - 76 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02291-09 DO - 10.1128/AEM.02291-09 ID - Casanova2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Doremalen, N. AU - Bushmaker, T. AU - Munster, V. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions JO - Eurosurveillance VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2013.18.38.20590 DO - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES2013.18.38.20590 ID - Doremalen2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ratnesar-Shumate, S. AU - Williams, G. AU - Green, B. AU - Krause, M. AU - Holland, B. AU - Wood, S. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Simulated sunlight rapidly inactivates SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces JO - J Infect Dis VL - 222 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa274 DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa274 ID - Ratnesar-Shumate2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schuit, M. AU - Ratnesar-Shumate, S. AU - Yolitz, J. AU - Williams, G. AU - Weaver, W. AU - Green, B. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Airborne SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly inactivated by simulated sunlight JO - J Infect Dis VL - 222 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa334 DO - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa334 ID - Schuit2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guillier, L. AU - Martin-Latil, S. AU - Chaix, E. AU - Thébault, A. AU - Pavio, N. AU - Poder, S. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Modelling the inactivation of viruses from the Coronaviridae family in response to temperature and relative humidity in suspensions or surfaces JO - Appl Environ Microbiol VL - 80 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01244-20 DO - 10.1128/AEM.01244-20 ID - Guillier2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fisher, D. AU - Reilly, A. AU - Kang, A. AU - Zheng, E. AU - Cook, A. R. AU - Anderson, D. E. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Seeding of outbreaks of COVID-19 by contaminated fresh and frozen food JO - bioRxiv UR - https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.17.255166v1 DO - 10.1101/2020.08.17.255166v1 ID - Fisher2020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fischer, R. AU - Judson, S. AU - Miazgowicz, K. AU - Bushmaker, T. AU - Prescott, J. AU - Munster, V. J. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Ebola virus stability on surfaces and in fluids in simulated outbreak environments JO - Emerg Infect Dis VL - 21 UR - https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2107.150253 DO - 10.3201/eid2107.150253 ID - Fischer2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mbithi, J. N. AU - Springthorpe, V. S. AU - Sattar, S. A. PY - 1991 DA - 1991// TI - Effect of relative humidity and air temperature on survival of hepatitis A virus on environmental surfaces JO - Appl Environ Microbiol VL - 57 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.57.5.1394-1399.1991 DO - 10.1128/AEM.57.5.1394-1399.1991 ID - Mbithi1991 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Warnes, S. L. AU - Little, Z. R. AU - Keevil, C. W. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Human coronavirus 229E remains infectious on common touch surface materials JO - MBio VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01697-15 DO - 10.1128/mBio.01697-15 ID - Warnes2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dublineau, A. AU - Batéjat, C. AU - Pinon, A. AU - Burguière, A. M. AU - Leclercq, I. AU - Manuguerra, J. C. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Persistence of the 2009 pandemic influenza a (H1N1) virus in water and on non-porous surface JO - PLoS ONE VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028043 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0028043 ID - Dublineau2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vriesekoop, F. AU - Russell, C. AU - Alvarez-Mayorga, B. AU - Aidoo, K. AU - Yuan, Q. AU - Scannell, A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Dirty money: an investigation into the hygiene status of some of the world’s currencies as obtained from food outlets JO - Foodborne Pathog Dis VL - 7 UR - https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2010.0606 DO - 10.1089/fpd.2010.0606 ID - Vriesekoop2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thomas, Y. AU - Vogel, G. AU - Wunderli, W. AU - Suter, P. AU - Witschi, M. AU - Koch, D. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Survival of influenza virus on banknotes JO - Appl Environ Microbiol VL - 74 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00076-08 DO - 10.1128/AEM.00076-08 ID - Thomas2008 ER - TY - STD TI - Yeung J. China is disinfecting and destroying cash to contain the coronavirus. 2020. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/17/asia/china-is-disinfecting-cash-coronavirus-intl-hnk-scli/index.html. UR - https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/17/asia/china-is-disinfecting-cash-coronavirus-intl-hnk-scli/index.html ID - ref40 ER - TY - STD TI - Wibawa T. China cleans bank notes in bid to limit coronavirus COVID-19 spread. ABC news (Australia). 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-21/china-cleaning-money-limit-coronavirus-covid-19/11983364. UR - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-21/china-cleaning-money-limit-coronavirus-covid-19/11983364 ID - ref41 ER - TY - STD TI - Schroeder P, Irrera A. Fed quarantines U.S. dollars repatriated from Asia on coronavirus caution. 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-fed-dollars/fed-quarantines-us-dollars-repatriated-from-asia-on-coronavirus-caution-idUSKBN20T1YT. UR - https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-fed-dollars/fed-quarantines-us-dollars-repatriated-from-asia-on-coronavirus-caution-idUSKBN20T1YT ID - ref42 ER - TY - STD TI - Choi H. S.Korea’s central bank burns, quarantines cash in coronavirus precaution. 2020. https://uk.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-southkorea-money/s-koreas-central-bank-burns-quarantines-cash-in-coronavirus-precaution-idUKL4N2AZ1TL. UR - https://uk.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-southkorea-money/s-koreas-central-bank-burns-quarantines-cash-in-coronavirus-precaution-idUKL4N2AZ1TL ID - ref43 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brady, R. R. W. AU - Wasson, A. AU - Stirling, I. AU - McAllister, C. AU - Damani, N. N. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Is your phone bugged? The incidence of bacteria known to cause nosocomial infection on healthcare workers’ mobile phones JO - J Hosp Infect VL - 62 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2005.05.005 DO - 10.1016/j.jhin.2005.05.005 ID - Brady2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Olsen, M. AU - Campos, M. AU - Lohning, A. AU - Jones, P. AU - Legget, J. AU - Bannach-Brown, A. PY - 2020 DA - 2020// TI - Mobile phones represent a pathway for microbial transmission: a scoping review JO - Travel Med Infect Dis VL - 35 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101704 DO - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101704 ID - Olsen2020 ER -