Fig. 1

Mouse experimental workflow. Groups of mice were immunized by intramuscular electroporation with 50 μg of either the pV-JP3ME DNA vaccine or pV in each limb individually and were boosted twice at three-week intervals. Splenocytes were obtained 1 week after the final immunization, and sera were collected 3 weeks after the final immunization. Subsequently, the vaccinated mice were challenged with 1 × 105 PFU of the JEV P3 strain. The body weight changes and the survival rates were observed for 12 consecutive days after the challenge