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Table 3 Geographic origin of identified herpesviruses in members of the Sciuridae and detailed PCR results

From: Search for polyoma-, herpes-, and bornaviruses in squirrels of the family Sciuridae

Host taxonomic name (subfamily, species)

Host common name

Origina

Herpesvirus

Organs tested with PCRs

n tested squirrels

n tested samples

n samples positive in generic PCR

n samples positive in virus specific nested PCR

n animals positive in generic or specific nested PCR

Sciurinae

Sciurus carolinensis

Eastern grey squirrel

Penicuik, Scotland

ScarGHV1

lung, spleen

6

11

8

n. d.b

5

  

Anwoth, Scotland

 

lung, spleen

3

6

0

- c

0

  

Kirkbright, Scotland

ScarGHV1

lung, spleen

4

8

2

n. d.

1

  

Dumfries, Scotland

ScarGHV1

spleen

13

13

2

n. d.

2

   

ScarGHV2

spleen

 

1

n. d.

1

  

Borders Region, Scotland

ScarGHV1

spleen

13

13

3

n. d.

3

  

Brampton, England

ScarGHV1

spleen

10

10

9

n. d.

9

  

Pennsylvania, USA

ScarGHV1

lung

5

5

3

n. d.

3

   

ScarGHV2

lung

 

1

0

1

  

Piedmont Region, Italy

ScarBHV1

lung, spleen

30

45

2

4

4

  

Lombardy Region, Italy

ScarBHV1

lung, spleen

4

7

0

1

1

subtotal

 

ScarGHV1

  

88

118

29

n. d.

28 (31.8%)

  

ScarGHV2

  

88

118

2

0

2 (2.3%)

  

ScarBHV1

  

88

118

2

5

5 (5.7%)

Sciurus vulgaris

Eurasian red squirrel

Scotland (Scotland (road mortality))

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

7

12

9

n. d.

6

  

Isle of Arran, Scotland

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

12

13

7

n. d.

7

  

Neustadt, Germany

 

lung, spleen

1

2

0

0

  

Munich, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

16

22

9

n. d.

7

  

Waiblingen, Germany

 

lung, spleen

2

4

0

0

  

Heidelberg, Germany

 

spleen

1

1

0

0

  

Bad König, Germany

 

lung, spleen

2

4

0

0

  

Dresden, Germany

 

lung, spleen

1

2

0

0

  

Wentorf, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

1

2

1

n. d.

1

  

Billigheim, Germany

 

lung, spleen

1

2

0

0

  

Rödermark, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

6

12

3

n. d.

2

  

Leutenbach, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

1

2

1

n. d.

1

  

Bonn, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung

1

1

1

n. d.

1

  

Bad Nauheim, Germany

 

lung

1

1

0

0

  

Oberhausen, Germany

 

lung

1

1

0

0

  

Berlin, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

4

8

3

n. d.

2

  

Stuttgart, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

6

12

1

n. d.

1

  

Görlitz, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

6

12

2

n. d.

2

  

Sternenfels, Germany

SvulBHV1

lung, spleen

7

13

2

n. d.

1

subtotal

    

77

126

39

 

31 (40.3%)

Sciurus variegatoides

Variegated squirrel

Germany

 

spleen

7

7

0

0

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus

American red squirrel

Pennsylvania, USA

 

lung

1

1

0

0

Xerinae

         

Urocitellus richardsonii

Richardson’s ground squirrel

Winnipeg, Canada

UricGHV1

spleen

11

11

10

n. d.

10 (90.9%)

Tamias striatus

Eastern Chipmunk

Pennsylvania, USA

TstrGHV1

lung, spleen

2

2

2

2

2 (100.0%)

Callosciurinae

         

Callosciurus erythraeus

Pallas’s squirrel

Lombardy Region, Italy

CeryBHV1

lung, spleen

35

35

44

18

11

23 (65.7%)

   

CeryGHV1

lung, spleen

44

2

5

6 (14.3%)

Callosciurus prevostii

Prevost’s squirrel

Germany

CpreBHV1

spleen

17

17

17

1

1

1 (5.9%)

   

CpreGHV1

spleen

17

1

1

1 (5.9%)

total

    

238

326

104

27

108

  1. aall animals originated from wildlife, except variegated squirrels and Prevost’s squirrels originating from holdings in Germany
  2. bn. d. not done
  3. c- = specific nested PCR was not possible because no herpesvirus was detected in generic PCR