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Table 6 Relation between demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CMV mono-viral infection and CMV viral co-infection

From: Co-infections of human herpesviruses (CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and EBV) in non-transplant acute leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy

Variables

No active CMV infection

(N = 26)

No. (%)

Active CMV mono-infection

(N = 39)

No. (%)

Active CMV co-infection

(N = 19)

No. (%)

P

Sex

Male

15 (57.7)

23 (59)

16 (84.2)

0.119

Female

11 (42.3)

16 (41)

3 (15.8)

 

Age (years)

  < 16

17 (65.4)

22 (56.4)

10 (52.6)

0.655

  ≥ 16

9 (34.6)

17 (43.6)

9 (47.4)

 

Type of Leukemia

 AML

6 (23)

21 (53.8)

9 (47.4)

0.044

 ALL

20 (76.9)

18 (46.2)

10 (52.6)

 

Status of disease

 Newly diagnosed

1 (4)

6 (15.4)

2 (10.5)

0.342

 Remission

20 (76.9)

24 (61.5)

10 (52.6)

 

 Refractory or relapse

5 (19.1)

9 (23)

7 (36.8)

 

Chemotherapy received

 Before chemotherapy

1 (3.8)

6 (15.4)

2 (10.5)

0.802

 Post-induction

7 (26.9)

10 (25.7)

4 (21)

 

 Post-remission

8 (30.8)

13 (33.3)

7 (36.8)

 

 Post-salvage chemotherapy

10 (38.5)

10 (25.6)

6 (31.6)

 

Clinical outcome

 Alive

24 (92.3)

34 (87.2)

14 (73.7)

0.198

 Dead

2 (7.7)

5 (12.8)

5 (26.3)

 

Fever

16 (61.5)

28 (71.8)

12 (63.1)

0.646

Severe neutropenia

11 (42.3)

24 (61.5)

13 (68.4)

0.163

Prolonged neutropenia

8 (30.8)

20 (51.3)

10 (52.6)

0.752

Severe lymphopenia

11 (42.3)

18 (46.2)

16 (84.2)

0.009

Anemia

7 (26.9)

15 (38.5)

6 (31.6)

0.507

Thrombocytopenia

7 (26.9)

16 (41)

6 (31.6)

0.364

Skin rash

2 (7.7)

6 (15.4)

8 (42.1)

0.011

Mucositis

1 (3.8)

2 (5.2)

2 (10.5)

–

Pneumonia

2 (7.7)

7 (17.9)

8 (42.1)

0.016

Gastroenteritis

–

7 (17.9)

3 (15.8)

0.084

Hepatitis

2 (7.7)

5 (12.8)

5 (26.3)

0.198

Conjunctivitis

–

2 (5.2)

–

–

CNS disorders

1 (3.8)

2 (5.2)

4 (21)

0.073

Other infection

    

BSI

4 (15.4)

4 (10.3)

8 (42.1)

0.013

IFI

2 (7.7)

5 (12.8)

7 (36.8)

0.024

  1. Viral infections were divided into three groups (1) no active CMV infection, (2) active mono-viral infection with only CMV and no other HHVs infection and (3) active co-infection with CMV and other HHVs
  2. Severe neutropenia [ANC < 500/μL]; Prolonged neutropenia [if it persisted over 7 days]; Severe lymphopenia [ALC < 500/μL]; Anemia: [hemoglobin < 11 g/L], Thrombocytopenia [platelet count < 100 10 3 /μL]; CNS disorders Central Nervous System disorders, BSI Blood Stream Infection, IFI Invasive Fungal Infection
  3. Statistically significant p are bolded