Fig. 6

The anti-IAV effects of Patchouli alcohol in vivo. a Viral titers in lungs. After treatment with Oseltamivir (10 mg/kg/day) or PA (20 or 40 μg/day) for 4 days, the pulmonary viral titers were evaluated by plaque assay. Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). Significance: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs virus control group. b Survival rate. IAV infected mice received therapy with Oseltamivir (10 mg/kg/day) or PA (20 or 40 μg/day) for the entire experiment. Results are expressed as percentage of survival, evaluated daily for 14 days. Significance: *P < 0.05 vs. virus control group (placebo). c Histopathologic analyses of lung tissues on Day 4 p.i. by HE staining (× 10). The representative micrographs from each group were shown (n = 5 mice/group). Mock: non-infected lungs; Control: IAV infected lungs without drugs; Oseltamivir: IAV infected lungs with Oseltamivir (10 mg/kg/day) treatment; PA 20 μg/day: IAV infected lungs with PA (20 μg/day) treatment; PA 40 μg/day: IAV infected lungs with PA (40 μg/day) treatment. The red arrows indicate the presence of inflammatory cells in the alveolar walls and serocellular exudates in the lumen