Virus-based pharmaceutical production in plants: an opportunity to reduce health problems in Africa

Table 1 Evolution over time of plant expression system yields. The table contains some selected examples to illustrate the transition between transgenic and transient expression systems from 1999

Plant host	Recombinant protein	Type of Expression system	Highest expression level	Year and Reference
Carrot	GAD65	Transgenic	0.01% TSP	1999 [33]
Potato	NVCP	Transgenic	0.16 mg/g fruit weight	2006 [34]
Tomato	NVCP	Transgenic	0.12 mg/g tuber weight	2006 [34]
N. benthamiana/ N. tabacum	2G12	Transient (binary vector)	0.1 mg/g LFW	2013 [35]
N. benthamiana	NVCP	Transient (binary vector)	1 mg/g FLW	2013 [36]
N. benthamiana	Pfs25	Transient (Viral vector)	0.14 mg/g FLW	2015 [37]
N. benthamiana	HPV16 L1	Transient (Viral vector)	0.25 mg/g FLW	2016 [38]
N. benthamiana	M2eHBc	Transient (Viral vector)	5–10% TSP FLW	2017 [39]
N. benthamiana	PSA	Transient (binary vector)	0.4 mg/g FLW	2018 [40]
N. benthamiana	HPV 16 L2 peptides (SAC 108–120)	Transient (Viral vector)	0.145 mg/g FLW	2019 [41]

GAD65 human glutamic acid decarboxylase, NVCP Norwalk virus capsid protein, 2G12 anti-HIV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, Pfs25 Pfs25 protein expressed on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum gametes, zygotes and ookinetes, M2eHBc influenza virus M2 protein (M2e) fused to hepatitis B core antigen, PSA promastigote surface antigen of Leishmania infantum, HPV16 L1, L2 major capsid protein of HPV 16, TSP total soluble protein, LFW leaf fresh weight

ISSN: 1743-422X