Fig. 2

Effects of heparin and chondroitin sulfate on DTMUV attachment. Monolayer BHK21 or DEF cells were treated with a mixture of 1000TCID₅₀ DTMUV and different concentrations of heparin (a) or chondroitin sulfate A (c) at 4 °C for 1 h. Then the unbound virus was removed by washing three times with PBS. DTMUV was pre-treated with different concentration of heparin (b) or chondroitin sulfate A (d) at 37 °C for 1 h and then incubated with BHK21 or DEF cells at 4 °C for 1 h. After binding, the unbound virus was removed by washing three times with PBS. The data show here the average and standard error of four independent experiments. The results of each treatment were compared to their untreated control by Student’s t test, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and***P<0.001, ns means not significant