Fig. 2

Effects of CCYV on phloem EPG variables of Bemisia tabaci biotypes B and Q. The three treatments include: non-viruliferous B. tabaci whitefly feeding on non-viruliferous cucumber plants (NVW vs. NVP), viruliferous B. tabaci whitefly feeding on non-viruliferous cucumber plants (VW vs. NVP), and viruliferous B. tabaci whitefly feeding on viruliferous cucumber plants (VW vs. VP). Data are presented as means ± SE. Asterisks * or ** indicate statistically significant differences between biotypes B and Q on plants under the same treatments at P < 0.05 or P < 0.01. Lowercase and uppercase letters represent the comparison of biotype B (a, b, c) or biotype Q (A, B, C) on plants under different treatments. Letters above the bars indicate statistically significant among treatments (Tukey test, P < 0.05) Percentage of E (%) = equals the percentage of total duration of E (E1 + E2). EPG waveforms: E1 = phloem salivary secretion; E2 = phloem sap ingestion. E = E1 + E2