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Table 1 Advanced under development universal influenza vaccines

From: Towards a universal influenza vaccine: different approaches for one goal

Vaccine approach

Company

Mechanism of protection

Study phase

References

Chimeric HA proteins

GlaxoSmithKline

• ADCC

• Fusion inhibition

Clinical phase 1

[35, 36]

Computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRA)

Sanofi-Pasteur

Elicitation of HAI+ antibodies

Preclinical

[62, 64, 66]

NP, M1 and HA peptides (M-001)

BiondVax Pharmaceuticals Ltd

B cell- and T cell-mediated immune response

Clinical phase 2

[77,78,79]

  1. List of universal influenza vaccine candidates discussed in this review and currently in an advanced stage of development