Fig. 2

Symptoms of SRBSDV disease in rice infected with SRBSDV using the bud-cutting method. a Infected seedling showing symptoms of dwarfism (left); uninfected seedling (right). b Infected seedling with stiff leaves. c Plant infected when tillering showing excessive dwarfing and tillering. d Plant infected at the elongation stage: although growth has not been stunted, the spikes are small with barren grains and low grain weight. e Leaves of a diseased plant: short, dark green, and rigid, with ruffles near the leaf base. f Aerial rootlets at the stem node. g Stem with small, streaked, white tumor-like protrusions (1–2 mm)