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Table 1 Histological examination of the lung tissue

From: Effects of calcitriol (1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3) on the inflammatory response induced by H9N2 influenza virus infection in human lung A549 epithelial cells and in mice

Parameter

Days post-infection

2

4

6

8

Hemorrhage

 Infectiona

0.87 ± 0.35

2.27 ± 0.45

2.12 ± 0.75

0.42 ± 0.5

 Infection + Calcitriolb

0.78 ± 0.44

2.53 ± 0.51*

3.05 ± 0.58**

0.96 ± 0.81**

Alveolar and interstitial edema

 Infectiona

1 ± 0.53

1.82 ± 0.59

2.08 ± 0.86

0.96 ± 0.53

 Infection + Calcitriolb

1.11 ± 0.78

3.03 ± 0.64**

2.45 ± 0.6*

0.93 ± 0.38

Margination and infiltration

 Infectiona

1.62 ± 0.52

2.77 ± 0.43

2.59 ± 0.67

1.73 ± 0.45

 Infection + Calcitriolb

1.44 ± 0.53

3.25 ± 0.64*

3.5 ± 0.51**

1.52 ± 0.51

Alveolar collapse

 Infectiona

1.75 ± 0.46

2.68 ± 0.48

2.96 ± 0.76

1.69 ± 0.47

 Infection + Calcitriolb

1.22 ± 0.44

3.25 ± 0.52*

3.18 ± 0.5

1.37 ± 0.49

Total lung injury score

 Infectiona

5.25 ± 1.16

9.54 ± 1.22

9.75 ± 2.38

4.81 ± 1.52

 Infection + Calcitriolb

4.55 ± 1.67

12.1 ± 1.54**

12.2 ± 1.18**

4.78 ± 1.25

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM, unless otherwise stated. a: Mice infected with the H9N2 virus and treated with sterile saline from days 1 to 15 post-infection; b: Mice infected with the H9N2 virus and treated with calcitriol (5 mg/kg body weight) from days 1 to 15 post-infection; *P <0.05; **P <0.01