Fig. 4

Microarray for detection of different tospoviruses in infected plant tissues. a Single virus detection. b Multiple virus detection. Total RNAs extracted from Chenopodium quinoa leaves separately inoculated with ANSV (AN), CSNV (CS), GRSV (GR), INSV (IN), TCSV (TC) and TSWV (TS) were used for tests. The total RNA of a healthy C. quinoa leaf (H) was used as the plant control. The degenerate primer pair Pr-dTS-f/Pr-dTS-r was used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for amplification of N gene fragments from all tested tospoviruses. The positions of virus-specific probes spotted on the surface of biochips are represented in Fig. 2b