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Table 1 PCR primers of HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1

From: Molecular epidemiology and evolutionary histories of human coronavirus OC43 and HKU1 among patients with upper respiratory tract infections in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Target gene

HCoV

Primer

Locationa

Sequence (5'-3')

Reference

Spike (S)

OC43

LPW 1261

24010-24029

Forward: CTRCTATARYTATAGGTAGT

[11]

  

LPW 2094

24866-24887

Reverse: GCCCAAATTACCCAATTGTAGG

[11]

 

HKU1

LPW 1832

23275-23299

Forward: TATGTTAATAAWACTTTGTATAGTG

[40]

  

LPW 1866

24197-24218

Reverse: TACAATTGACAAGAACTAGAAG

[40]

Nucleocapsid (N)

OC43 & HKU1

βN-F

OC43: 28974-28996

Forward: GCTGTTTWTGTTAAGTCYAAAGT

this study

   

HKU1: 28218-28240

  
  

βN-R

OC43: 30479-30501

Reverse: CATTCTGATAGAGAGTGCYTATY

this study

   

HKU1: 29699-29721

  
  

βN-Fn

OC43: 29046-29069

Forward (nested): GCMTTGTTRAGARMTWAWATCTAA

this study

   

HKU1: 28287-28310

  
  

βN-Rn

OC43: 30447-30466

Reverse (nested): GCGAGGGGTTACCACCWRRT

this study

   

HKU1: 29671-29690

  

1a

OC43

OC43-1aF

6145-6167

Forward: CTTTTGGTAAACCTGTTATATGG

this study

  

OC43-1aR

7329-7351

Reverse: AGCTTAATAAAAGAGGCAATAAT

this study

  

OC43-1aFn

6183-6199

Forward (semi-nested): GCTTCYCTCAATTCTTTAACAT

this study

 

HKU1

HKU1-1aF

6448-6471

Forward: TTCTCTTACTTATTTTAATAAACC

this study

  

HKU1-1aR

7587-7610

Reverse: CTTTATACATAGCAGTAACAACTA

this study

  1. aNucleotide location was determined based on the HCoV-OC43 ATCC VR-759 (AY585228) and HCoV-HKU1 (NC_06577) reference sequences