Fig. 4From: Assessment of reference gene stability in Rice stripe virus and Rice black streaked dwarf virus infection rice by quantitative Real-time PCRAverage expression stability values (M) and pairwise variation (V) analyses of candidate reference genes under virus-infected conditions by geNorm. 14 candidate reference genes were amplified in cDNA samples from RSV- and RBSDV-infected seedlings. A lower M value indicated more stable expression. Mean expression stability following stepwise exclusion of the least stable gene across samples from RSV-infected treatments (a) or RBSDV-infected samples (b), respectively. The pairwise variation (V n/n+1) measured the effect of adding additional reference genes on the normalization factor (The dash line denotes 0.15 cut-off V value) for these treatments (c and d). Calculations were performed as described in “Materials and Methods” sectionBack to article page