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Fig. 1 | Virology Journal

Fig. 1

From: Role of capsid proteins in parvoviruses infection

Fig. 1

A schematic of the parvovirus infection process, mediated by the Clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway. The internalization of the virus is mediated by the endocytosis pathway, primarily through the following steps. a Receptor binding-mediated internalization. The cellular receptor for parvovirus B19 is globoside, the cellular receptor for CPV is transferrin receptor (TfR), and the cellular receptor for MVM and BPV is sialic acid. b Form of the early endosome (pH 6.0-6.5). c Transformed into the late endosome at lower pH conditions (pH 5). d Transformed into the lysosome and the activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) (pH 4.0). e The activated PLA2 destroys the integrity of the lysosomal membrane. Thus, the viruses are released into the cytosol. f The viruses are transported towards the nucleus and target on the karyotheca with the help of the VP1 nuclear localization signal (NLS). The movement of microtubule and actin filaments are involved in the entire process of viral infection, from the early endosome to the peripheral nucleus. The viral genome begins to replicate and assemble after trafficking through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The matured virions finally move through the NPC and are released extracellular

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