Figure 4

Lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. Blood was collected from deer on the 42nd day after immunization. Group 1: transgenic ginseng vaccine. Group 2: untransformed ginseng vaccine. Group 3: inactivated BVDV vaccine. Group 4: inactivated BVDV + untransformed ginseng vaccine. Group 5: negative control. The result showed that there was a significant improvement in lymphocyte proliferation in the group treated with the transgenic hairy roots vaccine and suggested that E^rns protein expressed in transgenic ginseng hairy roots could prolong cell-mediated immune responses against BVDV antigens. ^a–b The difference between the negative control (group 5) and other groups is significant (P < 0.05).