TY - JOUR AU - Faggioni, Giovanni AU - Pomponi, Alice AU - De Santis, Riccardo AU - Masuelli, Laura AU - Ciammaruconi, Andrea AU - Monaco, Federica AU - Di Gennaro, Annapia AU - Marzocchella, Laura AU - Sambri, Vittorio AU - Lelli, Rossella AU - Rezza, Giovanni AU - Bei, Roberto AU - Lista, Florigio PY - 2012 DA - 2012/11/22 TI - West Nile alternative open reading frame (N-NS4B/WARF4) is produced in infected West Nile Virus (WNV) cells and induces humoral response in WNV infected individuals JO - Virology Journal SP - 283 VL - 9 IS - 1 AB - West Nile Virus (WNV) is a flavivirus that requires an efficient humoral and cellular host response for the control of neuroinvasive infection. We previously reported the existence of six alternative open reading frame proteins in WNV genome, one of which entitled WARF4 is exclusively restricted to the lineage I of the virus. WARF4 is able to elicit antibodies in WNV infected horses; however, there was no direct experimental proof of the existence of this novel protein. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the in vitro production of WARF4 protein following WNV infection of cultured VERO cells and its immunity in WNV infected individuals. SN - 1743-422X UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-283 DO - 10.1186/1743-422X-9-283 ID - Faggioni2012 ER -