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Table 3 Amino acid site residues associated with virulence in mammals in comparison with Egyptian isolates

From: Isolation and mutation trend analysis of influenza A virus subtype H9N2 in Egypt

Gene

Site

Virulent

Avirulent

A/ck/Eg/BSU-CU/11

Egypt H9N2 2006b

Middle East H9N2

Egyptian H5N1 isolates

Reference

PB2

627

K

E

V

E

V60/E31/A2

K

[27, 28]

 

701

N

D

D

D

D

D

[29]

PB1

317

I

M/V

I

M

M

M/V

[27, 28]

M2

64

S/A/F

P

S

S

S

S

[30]

 

69

P

L

P

P

P

P

[30]

NS1

42

S

A/P

S

S

S

S

[31]

 

92

E

D

D

D

D

D

[28]

 

97/92

E

D

E

E

E

E

[32]

 

127

N

T/D/R/V/A

T

N

N57/T42

T/I

[33]

 

189

N

D/G

D

D

D98/N1

D

[34]

 

195

T/Y

S

S

S

S

S

[35]

NS2

31

I

M

I

I

I

M

[34]

 

56

Y

H/L

H

H

H98/Y1

H

[34]

  1. aVirulent and non virulent amino acid residues refer to the ability of the virus to replicate in mammals as determined by Lycett et al. [30].
  2. bA/avian/Egypt/920431/2006(H9N2)) is GenBank available data. The strain isolated from live bird market in Egypt (unpublished report).
  3. cAll available H9N2 sequences from the Middle East. The available H9N2 sequences include strains from Emirates, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and Tunisia found in the Flu database.
  4. Numerical superscripts refer to the number of strains that possess those residues.
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