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Table 1 Etiology of prion disease

From: An overview of human prion diseases

Animal prion diseases

Disease

Host

Etiology

Year of Description

References

Scrapie

Sheep, Goats

Infection with Prions of unknown origin

Mid 18th century

[7, 8]

TME

Mink

Infection with Prions of either sheep or cattle origin

1947

[8–10]

CWD

Cervids

Infection with Prions of unknown origin

1967

[8, 10, 11]

BSE

Cattle

Infection with Prions of unknown origin

1986

[8, 12]

EUE

Nyala, Kudu

Infection with Prions of BSE origin

1986

[8, 10, 13, 14]

FSE

Cats

Infection with Prions of BSE origin

1990

[8, 10, 15]

NHP

Lemurs

Infection with Prions of BSE origin

1996

[8, 10, 16]

Human prion diseases

Disease

Host

Etiology

Year of Description

References

Kuru

Human

Ritualistic Cannibalism or "Transumption"

1957

[17]

sCJD

Human

Spontaneous PrPC→PrPSc conversion or somatic mutation

1920

[18, 19]

f/gCJD

Human

Mutations in PRNP

1924

[20]

GSS

Human

Mutations in PRNP

1936

[21]

iCJD

Human

Infection with Prions of human origin by cadaveric corneal grafts, hGH or dura mater

1974

[22]

FFI

Human

PRNP haplotype 178N-129M

1986

[23]

vCJD

Human

Infection with Prions of BSE origin

1996

[24]

sFI

Human

Spontaneous PrPC→PrPSc conversion or somatic mutation

1999

[25]

VPSPr

Human

Spontaneous PrPC→PrPSc conversion or somatic mutation

2008

[26]