Figure 1

Bystander apoptosis is induced by WT, but not V38E mutant virus infection in vitro. (A) SupT1 cells infected with WT or V38E virus were stained with anti-p24 Ab to detect virus infection and ZVAD-FITC to detect apoptosis induction on days 3 and 5 post infection. Cumulative data on virus infection (B) and apoptosis (C) on days 3 and 5 postinfection is shown. (D) Virus replication in the cultures was determined by measuring RT activity in culture supernatants. (E) Cell viability in the cultures was determined by measuring ATP levels in cells using cell titer Glo assay. (F) TZMbl cells were infected with either WT or V38E virus in the presence of indicated concentration of Enfuvirtide. Infection was determined 24h later as luciferase activity and normalized to media control. (G) CD4+ T cells were isolated from whole blood PBMCs and stimulated with PHA (5 μg/ml) and IL-2 (25U/ml) for 3 days. Subsequently the cells were infected with equal RT units of either WT or V38E virus or mock infected and followed for virus replication by determining the RT activity in culture supernatants. All error bars show mean ± SD of triplicate observations.